Chem Chapter 3 - Atomic Structure

Question 1

What are atoms?

Answer 1

The smallest particle that can still have chemical characteristics of an element

Question 2

What are the three sub-atomic particles in atoms?

Answer 2

Neutrons, electrons and protons

Question 3

What is the mass, charge and location of protons

Answer 3

1, +1, nucleus

Question 4

What is the mass, charge and location of neutrons

Answer 4

1,0, nucleus

Question 5

What is the mass, charge and location of electrons

Answer 5

1 /1840, -1, electron shell

Question 6

How are ions formed?

Answer 6

An atom or a group of atoms gains or loses electrons, nucleon number / mass remained the same

Question 7

How to find the number of neutrons in an atom?

Answer 7

Nucleon number- proton number

Question 8

Now to find the mass of an atom?

Answer 8

Sum of proton number and number of neutrons

Question 9

Why are atoms electrically neutral?

Answer 9

Same number of protons and electrons

Question 10

What are isotopes?

Answer 10

Atoms of the same element that have the same proton number but different nucleon number, indicating a different number of neutrons.

Question 11

What are the characteristics of isotopes of the same element

Answer 11

Same number of protons and electrons. Undergo the same types of chemical reactions and may have differing physical properties such as density, melting point and boiling point

Question 12

What are the arrangements of electrons in an atom?

Answer 12

Furthest valence electron shell has the most energy. The first election shell has 2 electrons maximum and the second shell onwards has 8 maximum

Question 13

How to determine the amount of valence electrons in an atom?

Answer 13

Group 1- 8: 1-8 valence electrons respectively
9-12: 1-4 valence electrons respectively
13-18: 3-8 valence electrons respectively

Question 14

How to determine if an element in the first 20 element is a metal or non-metal?

Answer 14

Number of valence electrons
1-3: metals, 4-8: non -metals