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chem > Chem Chapter 1 - Experimental Chemistry > Flashcards

Chem Chapter 1 - Experimental Chemistry Flashcards

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1
Q

what is the si unit and symbol for time

A

second s

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2
Q

what is the si unit and symbol for temperature

A

kelvin K

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3
Q

what is the si unit and symbol for length

A

metre m

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4
Q

what is the si unit and symbol for mass

A

kilogram kg

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5
Q

what is the si unit and symbol for volume

A

cubic metre m3

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6
Q

what apparatus is used to measure time

A

digital stopwatch analogue stopwatch

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7
Q

what apparatus is used to measure temperature

A

thermometer

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8
Q

what apparatus is used to measure length

A

metre ruler measuring tape

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9
Q

what apparatus is used to measure mass

A

beam balance electronic balance

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10
Q

what apparatus is used to measure volume

A

pipette volumetric flask burette gas syringe

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11
Q

how accurate is the digital and analogue stopwatch

A

nearest 0.01s and 0.1s

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12
Q

how accurate is the electronic balance

A

nearest 0.1g

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13
Q

what are beakers and conical flasks for

A

collecting liquid

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14
Q

what does a pipette measure

A

accurate fixed volumes less than 100cm3

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15
Q

how accurate is a measuring cylinder and burette

A

0.5 and 0.05cm3

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16
Q

what solubility of gas in water does water displacement method depend on

A

insoluble to slightly insoluble

17
Q

what solubility of gas in water does downward delivery method depend on

A

can be soluble or insoluble

18
Q

what are the three gas collection methods

A

water displacement method
downward delivery
upward delivery

19
Q

what solubility of gas in water does downward delivery method depend on

A

can be soluble or insoluble

20
Q

how does the density of gas collected in water displacement method affect the collection

A

density doesnt effect

21
Q

how does the density of gas collected in downward delivery method affect the collection

A

denser than air

22
Q

how does the density of gas collected in upward delivery method affect the collection

A

less dense than air

23
Q

name three examples of gases commonly collected in water displacement method

A

hydrogren oxygen carbon dioxide

24
Q

name three examples of gases commonly collected in downward delivery

A

chlorine, hydrogren chloride, sulfer dioxide

25
Q

name three examples of gases commonly collected in upward delivery

A

ammonia

26
Q

name three methods of separating solid-solid mixtures

A

magnetic attraction sieving using suitable solvents

27
Q

what is the use of sieving

A

separates bigger particles from smaller particles

28
Q

name 2 methods of separating liquid-liquid mixtures

A

chromatography fractional distillation

29
Q

explain the 5 steps of fractional distillation

A

when heating the solution, both higher boiling point liquid vapour and lower boiling point liquid vapour will rise

since the higher boiling point liquid has a higher boiling point than the lower boiling point liquid, the vapour condenses onto the cool fractioning collumn. then the higher boiling point liquid returns to the flask

lower boiling point liquid vapour continues to rise until boiling point then exits through the sidearms

hot lower bp liquid cools and condenses into liquid

liquid lower bp liquid flows into receiver

30
Q

name the four separation methods of solid-liquid mixtures

A

filtration
evaporation to dryness
crystallisation
simple distillation

31
Q

what is the use of evaporation to dryness

A

separates dissolved solids from its solvent by heating the mixture until solvent has vaporised

32
Q

what is the use of crystallisation

A

obtains pure solid from saturated solutions

33
Q

explain the steps of crystallisation

A

heat solution in evaporating dish until solution is saturated

cool solution until desired residue appears within the solution

filter the mixture and collect residue

34
Q

explain the three steps to simple distillation

A

heat solution then add boiling chips. at the liquids boiling point it will boil and enter the condenser

the liquid vapour cools in condenser and condenses into pure liquid form and collected in the flask as distillate

the remaining solution gets more concentration and leaves residue in distillation flask

35
Q

what is the relationship between amt of impurities in a substance and the change in melting or boiling points + range

A

the higher the amt of impurities the larger the change in boiling or melting points and the wider the range

36
Q

what are the three gas drying agents

A

concentrated sulfuric acid
calcium oxide quicklime
fused calcium chloride

37
Q

what is the use of concentrated sulfuric acid

A

non alkaline drying

38
Q

what is the use of calcium oxide quicklime

A

non acidic drying

39
Q

what is the use of fused calcium chloride

A

drying most gases

chem (8 decks)

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