Chelicerates Flashcards
Respiration system in chelicerae
Aquatic species : use gills
Terrestrial species : use lungs or tracheae
What Are chelicerae and pedipalps ?
Chelicerae : often function as fangs
Pedipalps: jointed apoendage- sensory in some (detect prey)
Features of spiders
2 body parts ( cephalotorax and abdomen)
Chelicerae ( fangs)
No wings
No antennae
Respiration via lungs
Produce silk
Forward facing eyes
Pedipalps : manipulate food
Mouthparts: secrete digestive enzymes on prey - suck up juices of half- digested prey
Jointed legs: enable spiders to move quickly and to hold and manipulate prey
Spider’s venom
Immobilize prey, begins the process of digestion, defense against other animals, venom glands Are located above fangs( duct opens near the tip of fangs )
Uses of silk in spiders
Its more strong than steel and more elastic than rubber, used to capture prey, used for parachuting or balloning and nest lining and construction.
Characteristics of horseshoe crabs
Not true crab No antennae 2 segments Prosoma covered by a carapace Book gills for respiration Chelicerae modified as chelae Pedipalps for feeding Female can lay up to 120 000 eggs
Characteristics of acari ( ticks and mites)
Two segments Predators/ scavengers, phytophagous, ectoparasites and omnivores Can carry disease and transmit to host Have pedipalps and chelicerae Highly specialized mouthparts No antennae or mandibles Anchor to host Respiration via tracheae Eyes 1 to 5
Characteristics of ticks
Blood feeding parasite
Haller’s organ: detect prey
Pedipalps grasp skin
Characteristics of mites
Ectoparasites
Small mouthparts and often on lymph and other sections
Chelicerae Are chelae like
Lacks teeth to use hypostome as anchor
Characteristics of scorpions
Carnivores 4 pairs walking legs 2 body parts Abdomen is segmented Chelicerae used tear prey apart Stinger on end of telson ( paralyse prey)
Characteristics of sea spiders
Chelicerae , pedipalps , no antennae
Usually 4 pairs of walking legs
Respiration via diffusion
Oviger (carrying eggs or young)
Characteristics of opiliones
Head, thorax and abdomen fused in one Two eyes 8 legs Chelicerae modified into chelae , pedipalps present Don't produce silk Scent gland in head
Characteristics of chelicerate
Segmented body , hard exoskeleton, need to molt to grow, jointed appendages, have chelicerae ( feeding appendages ) , have pedipalps , only arthropod group without antennae, most have 4 París of walking legs.
