Check the Scene and the Primary Assessment

Question 1

Check

Answer 1

• Check the scene for safety: if not safe make it safe or call 911
• If the scene is safe check for responsiveness: conscious or unconscious
• If you think they are conscious, ask a simple question
• If they are conscious get consent, interview victim and bystanders, and do a head to toe exam for adults, and a toe to head exam for children/infants
• If you think they are unconscious TAP AND SHOUT. If unconscious CALL 911

Question 2

Call

Answer 2

• Adults: If someone is with you have him or her go call. If you are by yourself you must go call right away. If the victim is face down leave them like that. If they are on their back put them into the recovery position
• Child/Infant: If someone is with you have him/her go call. If you are by yourself and know what happened go call right away and follow same procedures as an adult. However if you don’t know what happened to the child/infant go to the care phase and find out what is wrong and do 2 minutes of care
• When you call 911 tell them - What happened, How many victims, Conditions of victims, Care that has been given, Where you are, and DONT HANG UP FIRST

Question 3

ABC’S

Answer 3

AIRWAY
BREATHING
CHECK FOR PULSE

Question 4

A-AIRWAY

Answer 4

Open airway with head tilt/chin lift method. Adult open all the way, a child a little less and an infant in the neutral position

Question 5

B-BREATHING

Answer 5

Check for breathing (LOOK, LISTEN, FEEL) and check for pulse for 10 seconds

• When felling for pulse: adult and child cartoid pulse on side of neck; infant brachial pulse: inside part of arm between elbow and shoulder
• For adults check for severe bleeding unless it is a drowning situation or you suspect hypoxia give 2 breathes first the check for severe bleeding. For children and infants always give 2 breathes before checking for severe bleeding

Question 6

What to do?

Answer 6

Adults who are unconscious and not breathing and have a pulse we do rescue breathing: adult 1 breath every 5 seconds, 12 breaths per minute, Children and infants: 1 breath every 3 seconds, 20 breaths per minute. Check for pulse after 2 minutes
- Adults who are unconscious and not breathing and NOT HAVE A PULSE we de CPR: 30 chest compressions and 2 breaths. We continue during CPR until condition of victim changes, the scene becomes unsafe, 911 or someone equally certified gets there, you are too tired to continue, and when the AED gets there. If the AED is there from the start we go right to the AED. If during CPR our breaths do not go in retilt head and give 2 more breaths If these breaths don’t go in give care for Unconscious Choking: 30 Chest Thrust/Finger Sweep/Breath
- For children/infants if not breathing give 2 breaths, if breaths go in check for severe bleeding and then start CPR. Child 2 hands infant 2 or 3 fingers. If breaths do not go in re tilt head give 2 more breaths, if they do not go in do unconscious choking skill
Breaths should be 1 second long, Depth of compression 2 inches adult/child, 1 1/2 inches infant, 5 cycle of compression/2 breaths in 2 minutes