Chartwork Flashcards
What Admiralty publications must be consulted during the Appraisal phase of passage planning.
- Admiralty Chart Catalogue
- Nautical Charts
- Admiralty Sailing Directions (Pilot Books)
- The Nautical Almanac
- Admiralty Tide Tables and Tidal Stream Atlases
- Admiralty List of Lights and Fog Signals
- Ocean passages
- Mariners Handbook
- Admiralty Distance Tables
- Routing charts
- IALA Maritime Buoyage System
Explain the Appraisal phase of passage planning, and what should be considered during this phase.
Gather information needed for the passage, charts and publications needed for the route.
- Distance between departure and arrival points.
- Expected tidal stream, current and surface drift
- Times and heights of tide at stopovers along the passage.
- Times of sunrise and sunset for the duration of the passage.
- Weather prediction for the passage.
- Ports and anchorages to divert to in case of bad weather.
- Current radio Navigational warnings.
- Sailing direction recommendations.
- Search and rescue organisation along the route.
- Vessels draught at start and conclusion of voyage
- Under keel clearance requirements
Explain the Planning phase of passage planning, and what should be considered during this phase.
Plan intended track from berth to berth, safest and fastest route, waypoints, reporting points and points of Interest. Identify all the danger areas, hazards. Record the plan in the bridge notebook, as well as enter into ECDIS and other electronic equipment.
- Navigational warnings
- Tides at departure, arrival and critical points
- ECDIS contour settings
- ETA’s and distances
- Probability of bad weather and its effect on passage progress
- Vessel routing and traffic seperation schemes.
- Fishing areas
- Endurance and economical cruising speed
- Pilot information
- Berthing plans
- Environmental schedule and restrictions
Explain the Execution phase of passage planning, and what should be considered during this phase.
Starts when voyage is imminent, and accurate ETD and ETA known. Bring the passage plan up-to date, and make decisions on matters that could only be decided once ETD and ETA were known. Briefing the bridge team in the passage plan and navigating the ship accordingly.
- Precision and reliability of Navigational equipment.
- ETA’s at critical points
- Weather
- Effect of tidal conditions at safety contours on ECDIS
- Whether dangerous points will be passed at day or night
- Manning levels at critical points
- Dynamic assessments of hazards
Explain the Monitoring phase of passage planning, and cross-checking techniques can be used?
Starts on vessel departure and ends when vessel has arrived at destination. Checking progress of the ship against the passage plan. Navigation equipment checked regularly, deviations from the plan be clearly recorded and be consistent with provisions of IMO Guidelines.
- Azimuth bearings of charted objects
- Heading transits and leading lights along which a vessel can steer
- Beam transits for alteration of course
- Clearing bearings to ensure vessel remains in a safe area
- Radar Parallel Indexing to monitor position
- Radar ranges and bearings to fix position
What is chart projection?
It is making a projection of the earths spherical shape onto a flat surface.
Distances are distorted at higher latitudes on which type of chart?
Mercator
Which chart correction is used to more easily plot great circles?
Gnomonic
