Charles I - 1625 - 1649 Flashcards
Act of Revocation 1625
Charles takes scottish land to support church in scotland
Tonnage and Poundage
forced subsidy by Charles
5 Knights case
November 1627, 5 men challenges Charles, imprisoned but later released in 1628 due to Charles mishandling
Petition of Right 1628
Limited Charles power through taxation imprisonment etc
Charles hesitantly agreed 7th June 1628
Personal rule 1629 - 1640
Marc 1629
Charles dismissed Parliament
Coronation of scotland
1633 - offended many
New prayer book
July 1637 St Giles Cathedral riots led to bishop wars
Scottish National Covenant
February 1638 - Manifesto to oppose charles
1st bishop war March - June 1639
Scottish victory, ended with the truce of Berwick
Short Parliament
April 1640 - advised by Wentworth only lasted 3 weeks
2nd bishop war
August - scots occupy Newcastle
October - treaty of ripon ends war, agrees to pay £850 to Scottish soldiers daily
Long Parliament
November 1640 - ends 11 year personal rule
Anti Court Consensus
Group of MPS led by Pym who opposed Charles and his personal rule
Act of Attainder
Led to Wentworth’s execution on 12th may 1641
accused of treason with no evidence
How did long parliament limit charles
Star chamber and high commission abolished
Ship money made illegal
Royal forest boundaries reduced
Distrait of knighthood made illegal.
Court of wards disbanded
Triennial Act
Feb 1641 - parliament had to meet once every 3 years
10 Propositions
June 1641
parliament to choose privy council and control those around queen and education of royal children
The Grand Remonstrance 1641
reinforced catholic conspiracy but made Pym look desperate and caused anti-court consensus dissolved
5 members coup
Jan 1642 charles enters HoC 300 troops to arrest 5 MPS
angered parliament pym regained support
Militia Ordnance
1642 march - first law without king army appoint military leaders
commission of array
response to militia, call for army
19 propositions
issued by Pym
wouldve made Charles modern day monarch
22nd august 1642
King declares war on parliament
3 Parties
peace - Denzil Holles hoped for settlement
middle - Pym hoped for negotiated settlement, largest
war - heselridge wanted to defeat king
Solemn League and Covenant
December 1643 - parliament alliance with Scots in exchange for Presbyterian church in England
Cessation
Sep 1643 released royal troops from Irish rebellion
New Model Army
cromwell formed Feb 1645, based on meritocracy
battle of naseby 1000 royalists killed big win
first civil war
1642 - summer 1646
ended censorship
the solemn engagement
29th may 1647
NMA couldn’t dissolve without receiving settlement from army council
Head of Proposals
offer from army to king for religious toleration
king prolonged negotiations
power lay with army
Case of the army truly stated
new parliament every 2 years and votes for men 21+
Putney Debates 1647
levellers in army made plan for future constitution which clashed with Cromwell and Iretons conservative views
Second civil war
feb - august 1648
Charles escaped army and allied with Scots
United parliament and Army against him
Vote of No address
26 Dec 1647, charles alliance with scotland
Feb 1648 parliament cuts negotiation and allies with Army
vote of no address repeal
parliament still wanted negotiation whereas army wanted regicide
Prides Purge
6 December 1648
Colonel Thomas Pride stopped 110 who opposed Kings trial from entering
Charles execution
refused to speak in trial
executed 30th Jan 1649 in Whitehall
