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WSET L3 Wine Styles > Chardonnay > Flashcards

Chardonnay Flashcards

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1
Q

What colour grape is used to make Chardonnay?

A

White grapes.

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2
Q

What climate type is most suitable to grow Chardonnay grapes?

A

Versatile grape can be grown in cool, moderate and warm climates

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3
Q

What effect does COOL climate have on wine style?

A

Typically - high acidity, light to medium body, flavours of green fruit , citrus fruits & wet stones

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4
Q

What effect does MODERATE climate have on wine style?

A

Typically - M-H acidity, M-H body, flavours of lemon, stone fruits(peach), sometimes tropical fruit(melon).

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5
Q

What effect does WARM climate have on wine style?

A

Typically - M acidity, full body, flavours of stone fruit (peach) and tropical fruit (pineapple, banana).

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6
Q

Name a French chardonnay wine from a cool climate region.

A

Chablis AOC

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7
Q

Name a French chardonnay from a moderate climate region.

A

Meursault or Puligny Montrachet

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8
Q

Name a French Chardonnay from a warm climate region.

A

Macon AOC or Pouilly-Fuisse AOC

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9
Q

What is acidification?

A

Process of adding acid to balance alcohol and body of warm climate wine.

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10
Q

What is malolactic conversion? What does it add to the wine?

A

Softens the Malic acid. Creates seconday flavours of butterscotch and more creamy mouthfeel.

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11
Q

What is Lees Contact and what does it add to wine?

A

Lees are dead yeast cells left in the bottom of wine tank/barrel during maturation. They add body and flavours of bread and biscuit.

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12
Q

What does oak add to wine?

A

Oak barrel fermentation/maturation can add body and flavours of vanilla, cloves, smoke, coconut.

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13
Q

Why might a winemaker prefer not to adjust for secondary flavours?

A

Secondary flavours can overwhelm delicate fruit flavours. Only wines with intense fruity flavours benefit.

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14
Q

What flavours develop in bottle-aged Chardonnay.

A

Complex tertiary flavours of hazelnut and mushrooms.

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15
Q

What are the main Chardonnay growing regions of France?

A

The region of Burgundy from the cool vineyards of Chablis in the north, through the moderate Cote de Beaune area of Cote d’Or the warm Maconnais. There are also grapes grown in the South of France

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16
Q

What is Bourgogne appellation? What is the style?

A

Regional labelled wine can be made from grapes grown anywhere in the region.
Dry white with high acidity and apple and lemon characteristics.

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17
Q

Which level of appellation is Chablis AOC?

A

Village.

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18
Q

What are the characteristics and style of Chablis?

A

Dry, unoaked (to preserve delicate fruit flavours), high acidity, flavours of apple, lemon and wet stones.

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19
Q

What climate has Cote d’Or?

A

Moderate - produce more ripe fruit flavours than Chablis (peach, melon).

20
Q

Where is chardonnay production focussed in Cote d’Or?

A

South of the town of Beaune.

21
Q

Name two village appellations in Cote d’Or.

A

Meursault AOC and Puligny Montrachet AOC

22
Q

What are characteristics of the premier and grand cru from Cote d’Or?

A

They produce wines of outstanding quality that can age for decades in the bottle. Tertiary flavours of hazelnut and mushroom. Regarded as pinnacle of chardonnay in the world.

23
Q

Name two AOC in Maconnais. What quality level are they?

A

Macon AOC and Pouilly-Fuisse AOC.

Village level.

24
Q

What level of quality and style of chardonnay is found in the South of France?

A

It is an IGP. Due to the warm climate they produce ripe fruity Chardonnay with flavours of peach, pineapple and banana. May be oaked.

25
Q

In which regions of the USA is chardonnay grown?

A

California and Oregon

26
Q

Name the specific areas of California.

A 
Inland Central Valley
Carneros
Sonoma coast
Napa Valley
Sta. Barbara County
27
Q

What climate has inland Central Valley in Ca.?

Flavour profile?

A

Warm and dry. Uses irrigation.

Medium acidity, medium body,peach and pineapple. May be oaked.

28
Q

What makes Ca. coastal regions ideal for chardonnay?

A

Coastal regions are moderated by weather allowing longer, slower ripening season. Produce intensely flavoured well balanced chardonnay.

29
Q

What are the coastal influences on the wine regions of Ca.?

A

Carneros - morning fog from San Pablo bay;
Sonoma - Pacific sea breezes
Sta. Barbara County - cooling sea breezes.

30
Q

What is the climate of Napa Valley and what wine style does it produce?

A

The northern valley becomes more warm and sunny.

Known for producing full-bodied wine with tropical fruit flavours. Vanilla and spice from new oak

31
Q

What is wine style of Sta. Barbara Co.?

A

Vary from wines similar to Cote de Beaune through to high alcohol tropical fruit flavours, with new oak flavours.

32
Q

What is climate of Oregon and wine style?

A

Moderate climate.

Refreshingly high acidity, range of flavours from citrus fruit to tropical notes (melon).

33
Q

What are important chardonnay regions in Australia?

A

SE Australia
Adelaide Hills
Yarra Valley
Margaret River

34
Q

What moderating influences are there in Adelaide and Yarra?

A

Adelaide Hills - cooled by altitude

Yarra Valley - cooled by ocean currents from south.

35
Q

What effect does climate influences have on the wine style?

A

Longer growing season
Wines have ripe stone fruit (peach) sometimes tropical (pineapple, banana) flavours.
Med to high acidity balanced by oak.

36
Q

What climate is Margaret River? What is the wine style?

A

Warm with cooling sea breezes elongate growing season.

M-F body wine. Ripe stone fruit and tropical flavours.

37
Q

Name the chardonnay regions of New Zealand?

A

Marlborough and Hawkes Bay

38
Q

What is the climate and wine style in Marlborough?

A

Climate cool to moderate with sea breezes and plentiful rainfall.
Wine has high natural acidity, ripe lemon,peach and melon flavours. Subtle oak flavours

39
Q

What is climate and wine style in Hawkes Bay?

A

Moderate climate.Full bodied wines,high acidity and pronounced stone fruit flavours

40
Q

What are chardonnay regions in Chile?

A

Casablanca on the coast and Central Valley

41
Q

What are climate influences in Casablanca Valley? What is the wine style?

A

Sea breezes and morning fog from the Pacific.

Refreshing wines, citrus and stone fruit flavours. May be oaked.

42
Q

What is climate of Central Valley?

What are wine styles?

A

Warm climate. Range of quality levels. Some outstanding examples from vineyards moderated by altitude

43
Q

What are Chardonnay regions of S. Africa?

A

Walker Bay and Western Cape

44
Q

What is climate and wine style of Walker Bay?

A

Cool. Strong sea breezes from south.

High acidity wine, ripe stone fruit, tropical fruit and oak flavours.

45
Q

What is climate of Western Cape and wine style?

A

Hot inland vineyards.

High volume branded wines, often blended with chenin blanc.

WSET L3 Wine Styles (19 decks)

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