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biology > characteristics of life > Flashcards

characteristics of life Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is diversity?

A

Biological diversity refers to the variety of
living things on Earth, their genetic
differences, and variety in ecosystems

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2
Q

The animal kingdom is divided into groups called classes name some

A

Reptiles Birds Mammals

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3
Q

Common Characteristics in Living things

A
  • are highly organised
  • are composed of tiny units called cells
  • grow
  • excrete
  • move
  • react to their surroundings
  • feed
  • reproduce
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4
Q

METABOLISM

A

Metabolism is the sum of all the chemical reactions
that occur in the cells of living organisms

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5
Q

These reactions are responsible for the processes
of

A
  • Growth
  • Repair
  • Responsiveness
  • Reproduction
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6
Q

Anabolic Reactions

A

These reactions use energy to join small molecules
together to form larger molecules

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7
Q

example for anabolic reaction

A

Photosynthesis

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8
Q

Catabolic Reactions

A

These reactions use energy to break down large
molecules into smaller ones

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9
Q

example for catabolic reaction

A

Respiration

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10
Q

Continuity of Life

A

Continuity of life is the ability of an organism to
exist from generation to the next

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11
Q

what do you need to achieve continuity

A

reproduction and heredity

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12
Q

Genes

A

hereditary factors that are passed on
from one generation to the next during
reproduction

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13
Q

How do we define Life?

A

Life is defined as the procession of all of the
five characteristics of life

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14
Q

what are the most basic level of organisation

A

Cells

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15
Q

what are the two types of organisims

A

unicellular
multicellular

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16
Q

give an example for unicellular

A

amoeba

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17
Q

give an example for multicellular

A

humans

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18
Q

what are cells organised into

A

tissues

19
Q

what are tissues organised into

A

organs

20
Q

what are organs organised into

A

organ system

21
Q

what are organ systems irganised into

A

organisms

22
Q

Nutrition

A

the way that organisms obtain
and use food

23
Q

what is food needed for

A

energy

24
Q

example of things that make their own food and name the process

A

Plants, algae and some bacteria
photosynthesis

25
Q

things that otain food from other organisms example

A

Animals, fungi, amoeba and most bacteria

26
Q

what is the most basic source of energy in all nutrition

A

The sun

27
Q

Sources of Nutrition In Animals

A

feed on other organisms

28
Q

Sources of NutritionI n Plants

A

make food by photosynthesis

29
Q

Energy flow

A

Sun -> Plants -> Animals

30
Q

Excretion

A

the elimination of the waste
products of metabolism from a cell, tissue
or organ

31
Q

All living things must get rid of waste material, what would happen if it were allowed to accumulate

A

it would become toxic to the organism

32
Q

Methods of excretion in animals

A

the urinary system, skin
and lungs

33
Q

Methods of excretion in plants

A

the stomata

34
Q

Response

A

reaction to a stimulus in
environment

35
Q

Adaptation

A

plants and animals change in
response to long-term changes in the
environment; these may be passed on to
future generations (Charles Darwin)

36
Q

Methods of response in animal

A

organised structures respond to
light, sound, touch, etc.

37
Q

Methods of response in plants

A

growth towards or away from a
stimulus e.g. light, water, fertilisers, etc.

38
Q

Reproduction

A

the ability of an organism to
produce new individuals of its own kind and
pass on genetic

39
Q

what is reproduction necessary for

A

for the survival of the species

40
Q

how can an offspring be

A

Offspring can be the same as or different
from parent(s)

41
Q

what are the methods of reproduction

A

Asexual
Sexual

42
Q

Asexual

A

e.g. in bacteria and protista – binary
fission (simple division in two) – mitosis

43
Q

Sexual

A

e.g. in plants and animals – involves
two parents and the production of male and
female gametes

biology (11 decks)

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