Chapters 8, 10 Flashcards
All neural tissue outside of the brain & spinal cord make up which nervous system
Peripheral
Information is carried to the CNS by the ____ division, & motor command are carried to the muscles & Gladstone via the ___ division
Afferent, Efferent
____ increases the speed at which action potential travels along the axon of an oligodendrocyte
Myelin
Which of the following is an example of a demyelination disorder
Heavy metal poisoning, Guillain-Barre syndrome, multiple sclerosis
What is a shift of membrane potential toward 0 mv called? An example is is the entry of sodium into the cell
Depolarization
____ is when a cell membrane cannot respond normally to further stimulation
Repolarization
Synapses that release norepinephrine are called
Adrenergic
The three layers of specialized membranes
surrounding the brain and spinal cord are
the
Meninges
Which region of the brain controls conscious
thoughts, sensations, memory storage, and
complex movements?
Cerebrum
The hypothalamus is connected to what gland,
which is the primary link between the nervous and endocrine systems?
Pituitary
Which region of the brain is responsible for
control of autonomic functions such as heart rate, blood pressure, and digestive
activities?
Medulla oblongota
Which of the following is caused by an imbalance in the amount of CSF fluid produced and the rate at which it is
absorbed?
Hydrocephalus
The ____ division of the autonomic nervous system stimulates tissue metabolism, increases
alertness, and prepares the body to deal with
emergencies.
Sympathetic
The stimulation of Beta 1 receptors causes which of the following?
An increase in cardiac contractility, an increase in heart rate, an increase in cardiac
conduction
The parasympathetic nervous system has nicotinic and ____ receptors.
Muscarinic
What are the chemical messengers of the endocrine system called?
Hormones
The ____ provides the highest level of endocrine control by acting as an important link between the nervous and endocrine
systems.
Hypothalamus
The hormones released by the ____ control other endocrine glands.
Anterior pituitary gland
Antidiuretic hormone and oxytocin are produced by which gland?
Posterior pituitary gland
What is the primary function of the antidiuretic hormone?
To decrease the amount of water lost in urine
The hormone that stimulates smooth muscle contractions during labor and delivery is
Oxytocin
What disease occurs when the kidneys cannot respond to ADH or there is an inadequate release of ADH intonthe body?
Diabetes insipidus
Which corticosteroid affects electrolyte composition of body fluids?
Aldosterone
Which of the following affects glucose metabolism?
Cortisol
Epinephrine is produced by which gland?
Adrenal medulla
The endocrine cells of which organ produce glucagon and insulin?
Pancreas
The alpha cells of the islets of Langerhans produce which hormone?
Glucagon
Which hormone is released by the kidney to stimulate the production of red blood cells by bone marrow?
Erythropoietin
In a(n) ____ effect, one hormone must be present for another ot work.
Permissive
A(n) ____ effect can result in two hormones having a net effect greater than the sum of their individual effects.
Synergistic
