Chapter 11, 12, 13 Flashcards
What are special proteins that attack invading organisms called?
Antibodies
What is the average pH of whole blood?
7.35-7.45
Which of the following is the most abundant plasma protein and the one responsible for the osmotic pressure of plasma?
Albumin
Which plasma protein is responsible for antibodies and transport proteins?
Globulins
Which plasma protein attacks foreign proteins and pathogens?
Immunoglobulins
Which plasma protein is involved in blood clotting?
Fibrinogens
_________ bind(s) and transport(s) carbon dioxide and oxygen.
Hemoglobin
The ______ is the percentage of whole blood volume occupied by cellular elements.
Hematocrit
Blood reduces fluid loss at injury sites by which of the following?
Clotting
Which surface on red blood cells determines blood type?
A, B, Rh (all of the above)
What is thrombocytopenia?
Low platelet count
Which chambers of the heart are associated with pulmonary circuit?
Right ventricle, left atrium
Which connective tissue divides the thoracic cavity into two pleural cavities and encloses the heart?
Mediastinum
The muscular wall of the heart is called what?
Myocardium
Which of the following is true of the foramen ovale?
Closes at birth
Penetrates the interatrial septum from the 5th week of embryonic development until birth
Allows blood to flow from the right atrium to the left atrium
All of the above
The valve between the left atrium and left ventricle is the?
Mitral valve, left arterioventricular valve, bicuspid valve (all of the above)
The right coronary artery divides into what branches?
Marginal and posterior interventricular
What is an area of dead tissue caused by an interruption in cardiac flow called?
Infarct
The influx of _____ rapidly depolarizers the cardiac contractile cells.
Sodium
The introduction of ______ initiates contraction during plateau phase.
Calcium
The normal rate of contraction is established by ______ cells, the nodal cells that reach threshold.
Pacemaker
______ form branching networks and are barely the diameter of a single red blood cell.
Capillaries
Which layer of a blood vessel contains smooth muscle tissue?
Tunica media
The formation of lipid deposits in the tuna media associated with damage to the endothelial lining is called what?
Atherosclerosis
What controls the flow of blood into the capillary?
Precapillary sphincter
_____ is the formed tubule through which blood completely bypasses a capillary bed.
Arteriovenous anastomoses
____ is the resistance to flow resulting from interactions among molecules and suspended materials in a liquid.
Viscosity
______ is the difference between the systolic and diastolic pressures.
Pulse pressure
Which of the following affects tissue perfusion?
Cardiac output
Blood pressure
Peripheral resistance
All of the above
Which portion of the brain had the cardiac and vasomotor centers?
Medulla oblongata
