Chapters 7 & 8 Flashcards
Maintains a proper balance of water and electrolytes in the body
The kidneys
Outer layer of the kidney
Renal cortex
Inner layer of the kidney
renal medulla
Blood enters the kidney through…
the renal artery
branches into smaller and smaller arteries, eventually leading to microscopic filtering units called nephrons
renal artery
forms urine in renal corpuscles and tubules by process of filtration, reabsorption, and secretion.
nephron
a cluster of capillaries
glomerulus
nephr/o , ren/o
kidney
pyel/o
renal pelvis
ureter/o
ureter
cyst/o , vesic/o
bladder
ur/o, urin/o
urine, urinary tract
urethr/o
urethra
meat/o
Meatus opening
glomerul/o
glomerulus
-emia
blood
-iasis
abnormal condition (produced by something specific)
-lysis
separation; destruction, loosening
-pathy
disease
-pexy
fixation (of an organ)
-ptosis
prolapse, downward displacement
-tripsy
crushing
instrument to examine the bladder
cystogram
inflammation of the renal pelvis
pyelitis
expansion of the ureter
ureterectasis
narrowing or stricture of the urethra
urethrostenosis
incision of the meatus
meatotomy
crushing of a calculus or stone
lithotripsy
inflammation of the glomerulus and kidney
glomerulonephritis
fixation of a kidney
nephropexy
excessive urination
polyuria
scanty urine
oliguria
stone or calculus in urinary tract
urolith
disease of the renal pelvis
pyelopathy
tumor of the kidney
nephroma
urine with blood
hematuria
urine with pus
pyuria
increase of nitrogenous substances, especially urea, in urine
azoturia
increased formation and secretion of urine
diuresis
abnormal congenital opening of the male urethra on the undersurface of the penis
hypospadias
the period from the fertilization of the ovum until birth
gestation
the process of giving birth
parturition
structure known as the birth canal
vagina
oophor/o , ovari/o
ovary
colp/o , vagin/o
vagina
hyster/o , uter/o
uterus
metr/o
uterus; measure womb
cervic/o
cervix; cervix uteri
salping/o
tube (fallopian tube)
mamm/o , mast/o
breast
vulv/o , episi/o
vulva
nat/o
birth
galact/o
milk
gynec/o
woman; female
men/o
menstruation
-arche
beginning
-cyesis
pregnancy
-gravida
pregnant woman
-para
to bear (offspring)
-salpinx
tube
-tocia
childbirth; labor
pertaining to (the period) before birth
prenatal
pregnant woman (for the) first time
primigravida
pregnancy (that is) false
pseudocyesis
hernia (tion) or swelling of a fallopian tube
salpingocele
bad, painful, or difficult labor or childbirth
dystocia
to bear (offspring) many times
multipara
inflammation of the cervix uteri (neck of uterus)
cervicitis
surgical puncture of the amnion (amniotic sac)
amniocentesis
specialist in the study of female (disorders)
gynecologist
tumor of an ovary
oophoroma
visual examination of the uterus
hysteroscopy
excision or removal of the breast
mastectomy
surgical repair of the vagina
vaginoplasty
herniation of the uterus
hysterocele
suture of the perineum
perineorrhaphy
instrument used to scrape the endometrium of the uterus during dilation and curettage (D&C)
curet
abnormal connection or passageway between two organs or vessels that do not normally connect
fistula
andr/o
male
prostat/o
prostate gland
balan/o
glans penis
epididym/o
epididymis
vas/o
vessel; vas deferens; duct
orch/o , orchi/o , orchid/o , test/o
testis (testes)
vesicul/o
seminal vesicle
perine/o
perineum
gonad/o
gonads, sex glands
crypt/o
hidden
spermat/o , sperm/o
spermatozoa, sperm cells
varic/o
dilated vein
pertaining to male origin
androgenic
condition of hidden testes
cryptorchidism
condition of scanty sperm (production)
oligospermia
discharge from the glans penis
balanorrhea
slit or fissure under or below (under surface of penis)
hypospadias
condition of urine (containing) spermatozoa
spermaturia
enlargement of the prostate
prostatomegaly
destruction of spermatozoa
spermatolysis
excision of (part of) the vas deferens
vasectomy
resembling a male
android
hernia or swelling of the glans penis
balanocele
disease of the gonads
gonadopathy
excision of the prostate
prostatectomy
inflammation of the prostate
prostatectomy
(agent that) kills sperm
spermicide
removal of all or part of the foreskin, or prepuce, of the penis
circumcision
malformation in which the urethra opens on the dorsum of the penis
epispadias
inability to achieve or maintain an erection sufficient for sexual intercourse
erectile dysfunction
plainless accumulation of serous fluid in the sac that contains the testes, usually as a result of malabsorption of serous fluid
hydrocele
inability to produce offspring, usually as a result of deficiency in semen
sterility
act of voiding urine
micturition
instrument used to inspect the urinary bladder
cytoscope
excessive accumulation of fluid within body tissues
edema
agents that promote secretion of urine
diuretics
a suprarenal tumor is located..
on the kidney
painful urination
dysuria
urinary incontinence
enuresis
uncontrolled loss of urine from the bladder
incontinence
obstruction that causes cessation of urine flow may result in…
hydronephrosis
an artificial kidney machine is involved in…
hemodialysis
azot/o
nitrogenous compound
bacteri/o
bacteria
noct/o
night
absence of urination
anuria
increased formation and secretion of urine
diuresis
painful or difficult urination
dysuria
tubular space within a structure
lumen
any disorder of the kidneys, including inflammatory, degenerative, and sclerotic conditions.
nephropathy
elevated level of urea and other nitrogenous waste products in the blood
uremia
abnormal condition or presence of calculi
lithiasis
difficult childbirth or labor
dystocia
colpocervical refers to…
the vagina and cervix
PID
pelvic inflammatory disease
colpodynia
pain in vagina
excessive increase in the number of cells in a tissue or organ
hyperplasia
congenital absence of one or both testes
anorchidism
herniation of a fallopian tube
salpingocele
presence of functional endometrial tissue in areas outside the uterus
endometriosis
surgical fixation of a prolapsed uterus
hysteropexy
excessive menstrual bleeding
menorrhagia
surgical incision of the perineum during childbirth
episiotomy
premature separation of the placenta
abruptio placenta
lact/o
milk
-arche
beginning
-gravida
pregnant woman
-para
to bear (offspring)
-tocia
childbirth, labor
lack or failure to ejaculate semen
aspermia
skin lesion of the STD syphilis
chancre
hormonal preparation used to increase sperm count in infertility
gonadotropin
radiography of the uterus and oviducts after introduction of a contrast medium
hysterosalpingography
beginning of menstrual function
menarche
benign uterine tumor composed of muscle and fibrous tissue
leiomyoma
stenosis of the preputial orifice
phimosis
-grade
to go
intra-
in, within
retro-
backward; behind
obstetric procedure in which a nonabsorbable suture is used for holding the cervix closed to prevent spontaneous abortion in a woman who has an incompetent cervix
cerclage
excision of an entire breast, all underarm lymph nodes, and chest wall muscles under the breast
radical
sterilization procedure that involves blocking both fallopian tubes by cutting or burning them and tying them off
tubal ligation
the state of being open
patent
tissue that readily tears, fragments, or bleeds when gently palpated or manipulated
friable
existing at, and usually before, birth; referring to conditions that are present at birth
congenital
ARF
acute renal failure
BPH
benign prostatic hyperplasia; benign prostatic hypertrophy
C & S
culture and sensitivity
CRF/ CRI
chronic renal failure
ESRD
end-stage renal disease
GFR
glomerular filtration rate
HD
hemodialysis
KUB
kidney, ureter, bladder
PD
peritoneal dialysis
TURP
transurethral resection of the prostate
UA
urinalysis
UTI
urinary tract infection
D & C
dilation and curettage
CS
cesarean section
G
gravida (pregnant)
GYN
gynecology
HRT
hormone replacement therapy
IVF
in vitro fertilization
LMP
last menstrual period
OB
obstetrics
STI
sexually transmitted infection
PSA
prostate-specific antigen
PID
pelvic inflammatory disease
