Chapter 9 Flashcards
term that describes a congenital defect characterized by incomplete closure of the spinal canal
spina bifida
medical term that means inability to speak
aphasia
term that describes an enlargement of the thyroid gland
goiter
another term for stroke
cerebrovascular accident
an eruption of vesicles following the course of a nerve caused by herpes zoster virus
shingles
incision of the thyroid gland
thyrotomy
surgical removal of a widened blood vessel that may cause hemorrhage
aneurysmectomy
a small space between neurons
synapse
excessive thirst
polydipsia
enlargement of the extremities
acromegaly
disorder characterized by cranial enlargement caused by accumulation of fluid within the ventricles of the brain
hydrocephalus
-dipsia
thirst
-paresis
partial paralysis
-plegia
paralysis
-trophy
development, nourishment
chronic, organic mental disorder characterized by deterioration of the intellectual functioning, apathy, disorientation, and speech and gait disturbances.
Alzheimer disease
disorder affecting the central nervous system and characterized by recurrent seizures
epilepsy
abnormal protrusion of the eyeballs that may be due to thyrotoxicosis , tumor, or aneurysm
exophthalmos
cranial enlargement caused by accumulation of fluid within the ventricles of the brain
hydrocephalus
advanced hypothyroidism in adults, causing edema and increased blood pressure
myxedema
partial or complete loss of motor function; paralysis
palsy
severe pain in the leg along the course of a nerve that travels from the hip to the foot
sciatica
inflammation of the gray matter of the spinal cord caused by a virus and commonly resulting in paralysis and spinal and muscle deformity
poliomyelitis
disease characterized by polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia
diabetes mellitus
excessive growth of body hair, especially in women
hirsutism
herniation of the meninges
meningocele
paralysis of four (limbs)
quadriplegia
-trophy
nourishment
-phasia
speech
-plegia
paralysis
-algia
pain
-phobia
fear
-desis
binding, fixation
-genesis
forming, producing; origin
endo-
within
para-
near, beside; beyond
inter-
between
ex-
out; out from
en-
in, within
hemi-
one half
quad-
four
aden/o , adrena/o
gland
adrenal/o
adrenal gland
gluc/o , glyc/o
sugar, sweetness
pancreat/o
pancreas
parathyroid/o
parathyroid glands
pituitar/o
pituitary gland
thym/o
thymus gland
thyr/o , thyroid/o
thyroid gland
acr/o
extremity
oophor/o , ovari/o
ovary
fibr/o
fiber, fibrous tissue
cephal/o
head
cerebr/o
cerebrum
encephala/o
brain
gli/o
glue, neurological tissue
mening/o , meningi/o
meninges (membranes covering the brain and spinal cord)
myel/o
bone marrow; spinal cord
neur/o
nerve
psych/o
mind
toxic/o
poison
crin/o
secrete
deterioration; change from a higher to a lower form, especially change of tissue to a lower or less functionally active form
degenerative
the science dealing with causes of disease
etiology
the ability to think; includes attention, memory, learning, reasoning, problem solving, and decision-making
cognition
ADH
antidiuretic hormone
GH
growth hormone
TSH
thyroid-stimulating hormone
TIA
transient ischemic attack
CVA
cerebrovascular accident
DM
diabetes mellitus
ac/hs
before meals/ at bedtime
EEG
electroencephalography
PNS
peripheral nervous system
CNS
central nervous system
CSF
cerebrospinal fluid
LP
lumbar puncture
WNL
within normal limits
BG
blood glucose
IDDM
insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
GTT
glucose tolerance test
FBG
fasting glucose test
HRT
hormone replacement therapy
home/o
same, alike
calc/o
calcium
crin/o
secrete
opthalm/o
eye
-genesis
formation; origin
excessive thirst
polydipsia
pertaining to poisonous activity of the thyroid
thyrotoxic
sugar in urine
glycosuria
blood with excessive or abnormal glucose
hyperglycemia
instrument to measure sugar
glucometer
excessive urination
polyuria
condition of deficient insulin
hypoinsulinism
secrete within
endocrine
tumor of a gland
adenoma
hypersecretion of growth hormone during adulthood
acromegaly
excessive growth of bones and tissues due to high level of GH
gigantism
hyposecretion of GH during childhood
dwarfism
insulin-dependent diabetes
Type 1
non-insulin-dependent diabetes
Type 2
brain
spinal cord
central nervous system (CNS)
cranial nerves
spinal nerves
peripheral nervous system (PNS)
cerebr/o
cerebrum
encephal/o
brain
gli/o
glue; neurological tissue
myel/o
spinal cord
sac contains only meninges and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
meningocele
sac contains meninges, CSF, and a portion of the spinal cord
meningomyelocele
Type 1 of Cerebrovascular Accident (stroke)
Ischemic stroke
Type 2 of Cerebrovascular Accident (stroke)
Hemorrhagic stroke
incision of the skull to gain access to the brain during neurological procedures
craniotomy
pertaining to the cerebrum and spine
cerebrospinal
incision of the cranium
craniotomy
crushing a nerve
neurotripsy
hernia of meninges and spinal cord
meningomyelocele
tumor of nerve, embryonic cell
neuroblastoma
