Chapters 6-10 Flashcards
What can occur if the reading frame in a genetic sequence is not read properly?
The polypeptide could be different or not functional.
It could also cause an inappropriate appearance of an stop codon that can lead to a non functional protein
The______is responsible for assisting in attaching tRNA to Amino acids
Aminocacyl-tRNA Synthetase.
Anticondon
A complementary base to the mRNA attached to an tRNA
True or false a scientist reading a genetic code could be sure it is the correct reading frame even if there is no start codon?
False
Which is most likely to be the correct reading frame from the DNA sequences?
5′UGAUGACUCCUGAGGAGAAGUCUUAAUAU-3′
A. UGA UGA CUC CUG AGG AGA AGU CUU AAU AU
( STOP-STOP-Leu-Leu-Arg-Arg-Ser-Leu-Asn)
B.GAU GAC UCC UGA GGA GAA GUC UUA AUA
(Asp-Asp-Ser-STOP-Gly-Glu-Val-Leu-Ile.)
C. AUG ACU CCU GAG GAG AAG UCU UAA UAU
(Met-Thr-Pro-Glu-Glu-Lys-Ser-STOP-Tyr.)
C. is most likely because the stop Codon is closest to the end. and it beginswith a start codon.
Why is Transcription Related to DNA replication?
Because Transcription require DNA to be unwound and a polymerase reaction to add the appropriate nucleotide substrates.
Which one is incorrect?
A. RNA polymerase 1 transcribe genes that codes for genes.
B. RNA polymerase 2 Transcribe protein coding genes and creates messenger RNA.
C. Rna polymerase 3 transcribe gene that code for transfer RNA.
D. A, B, and C are all correct
E. B and C are both incorrect.
D.
Prokaryotes have how many Polymerase.
One
If a mutation changed the sequence of the -10 box, what would you expect the result to be
If the sequence of the -10 box were changed, sigma would not be able to bind to the promoter region, and transcription would not occur
Describe the three phases of transcription.
During initiation, RNA polymerase and additional factors bind the DNA and unwind it to access the template strand of DNA. During elongation, RNA polymerase adds monomers to the growing RNA strand. Termination is the disruption of the association between RNA polymerase, the RNA transcript and the DNA template.
Which phases of transcription could be affected by changes to DNA sequences?
Termination and Initiation can both effected.
During translation the first 20-40 nucleotides of Pre mRNA are sythesizes WHY?
Because the ends of the mRNA are being modified for a modified Guanine nucleotide can be add to the end of the 5’ end. This helps it binds to ribsomes
What is added to the 3’ end of the Pre-mRNA that aids in transport of mRNA to the cytoplasm.
Poly(A) Tail
The mRNA molecule that are included in the final are called…..
The extrons
The introns are kept in the final product of mRNA True or False
False introns are removed from the molecule.
