Chapters 4-6 (US History) Flashcards
duty
import tax
Sugar Act 1764
placed a tax on sugar and molasses
Stamp Act 1765
placed a tax on anything that was printed
Writs of assistance
search warrants
Sons of Liberty
secret committee was was formed to protest the Stamp Act
Townshend Acts 1776
tax on common items (tea, lead, glass, dyes)
Boston Massacre
a group a soldiers fired at colonists who were gathered in front of a customs house
shot heard around the world
began the revolutionary war
patriots
colonists who supported independence from Britian
Boston Tea Party
a group of colonists who was protesting the Tea Act by dumping 342 chests of tea into the Boston Harbor
First Continental Congress
colonial delegates that gathered to discuss grievances against Parliment
Common Sense
written by Thomas Pain, stirred up public support for the revolution
Loyalists/Tories
colonists who sided with the British
Declaration of Independance
document declaring the US to be free of Great Britian
John Locke
said that all people are born with natural rights
natural rights
life, liberty, pursuit of happiness
Articles of Confederation
document creating an association of states guaranteeing each state sovereignty, freedom, and independence
separation of powers
sharing of power among the branches of government so one branch cannot become too powerful
checks and balances
sharing of power among the branches of government so one branch cannot become too powerful
reserved powers
powers retained by the state government
delegated powers
powers granted to the federal government
elastic clause
aka a necessary and proper clause, allows congress to adapt to changing times
veto
rejection, to say no
override
overriding a presidential veto with a 2/3 vote by Congress
concurrent powers
powers that are shared by federal and state governments
strict construction
when the government can only do what the Constitution specifically allows
loose construction
when the government can do anything the Constitution does not specifically forbid
Bill of Rights
the first 10 amendments in the Constitution
1st amendment
freedom of speech, religion, press, petition, and assembly
Battle of New Orleans
won by Andrew Jackson in the War of 1812
Bank of the United States
national bank that was created to support the US economy
hessians
mercenaries of the British
mercenaries
someone who fights for money
Battle of Trenton
American victory that raised moral for the troops
Saratoga
the turning point for Americans in the Revolutionary War
Baron von Steuben and Marquis de Layfette
military leaders who helped Washington
guerrilla warfare
hit and run tactics
Battle of Yorktown
when the French cut General Cornwallis off
who did the American victory inspire ?
The French and the South Americans
impress
to kidnap a ship, men, contents and to force the captured men into their army
Britain’s violation of the Treaty of Paris (3)
1) providing Native Americans with arms
2)engaged in fur trading
3)remained on American soil
sectionalism
loyalty to a particular part of a country
what did sectionalism lead to ?
the creation of two political parties
federalist
led by Alexander Hamilton and John Adams. made up of rich, wealthy, merchants/lawyers
democratic-republicans
led by Thomas Jefferson. made up of the middle class, farmers/artisans/tradespeople
similarities between political parties
they both were for the french, state’s rights, and individual liberties
differences between political parties
federalists were for loose construction while democratic-republicans were for strict construction
positives of the Louisiana Purchase
doubled the size of US, removed the French from US soil, opened up more land to go West, promoted national identity
negatives of the Louisiana Purchase
extended slavery and many Americans ignore the Native American’s rights
Federalist Papers
written by Hamilton, Jay, and Maddison. a collection of 85 essays to promote the ratification of the Constitution
undeclared war between US and France
Quasi War
people who supported the War of 1812
hawks
wrote the Star Spangled Banner
Francis Scott Key
sold Louisiana to the US
Napoleon
led the Federalist
Hamilton
in 1800s, Americans are moving ….
West
US declared freedom from him
King George III
Louisiana purchase ____ the size of the US
doubled
unalienable rights
rights that cannot be taken away
XYZ Affair
bribery by 3 French men to US representatives
effects of War of 1812
nationalism and only one party in control
what US hoped to get by getting Louisiana
new markets
