Chapters 4-6 Flashcards
what is Fascism?
an extreme form of Nationalism focused on an elite group of people
stated by Mussolini & Hitler
what is Post-modernism?
the idea that social categories like race and gender are social constructs.
human reality is too diverse and complex to adopt one view of society.
what is Anarchism?
a belief that society should have no government, laws, police, or any other authority
total rejection of the state, often because it is illegitimate
What is Enviromentalism?
the belief that the environment should be talked about in our government because we must take care of it
Light green: support sustainable development
Dark green: limiting economic development, natural resources don’t last forever
What is multiculturalism?
the belief that your national identity can revolve around many cultures.
open to more than one idea of a nationality
what is religious fundamentalism?
it is the opposite idea of state & church separation
when religion creates political principles and gains political power to achieve them
what are the 3 waves of feminism?
first wave: men and women should have the same formal rights
Second wave: reproduction rights, this is still a white movement
Third wave: critical feminism & intersectionality- the connection between all women of race and class
Socialist feminism: compares men to the bourgeoise and women as the proletariats
What is Freedom?
negative freedom (freedom from)
Positive freedom (freedom to)
it is when an individual is not held back from externally imposed coercion
What is justice?
it is how we distribute needs and how we punish those who don’t follow rules.
subcategories of justice
- Cosmopolitan Justice
Our loyalties should rest with the whole of humanity. not just our country - Communitarian Justice
Justice should not be general, every circumstance is different and should be based on cultures and people groups - Green & Indigenous Justice
the environment should also be taken into consideration - procedural justice
the fairness of the process of how justice is acquired - distributive
determining who gets what - merit-based justice
people get what they deserve - Retributive justice
an eye for an eye
What is an ideology? X
a set of beliefs describing the existing political order. what is, and should become and look like.
it comes from the Enlightenment- the ability to think rationally and scientifically
The Enlightenment was sparked by the renaissance, the scientific revolution and the protestant reformation
What is liberalism?
little state intervention
based on the rights of the individual
equality of opportunity rather than equality of outcome
- Classic - state intervention is limited, protecting human needs of a free market and private property, the idea of the invisible hand
- neoliberalism - the main actor is the individual, with the freedom to pursue self-development, but requires state intervention to protect rights
what is Conservatism?
more state intervention than liberalism
doesn’t like change, stick to what you know idea
holds respect for authority and patriotism
What is Socialism?
Comes from the work of Karl Marx
focuses on the idea that inequality shouldn’t exist.
highlights the community, not the individual
what was The Welfare state
when the government established a minimal level of social and economic protection for all people
