Chapter 7- Comparative politics

Question 1

What is the state?

Answer 1

-the highest authority in a given society
-territory + sovereignty + population + international recognition
- 2 types of force: the army & the authority of the state
-they have the right to decide who executes the law and to make sure it is not violated

Question 2

What is an institution?

Answer 2

and organization or establishment founded for a specific purpose (hospital, church, company)
regular patterns of behaviour that give stability and predictability to social life

Question 3

What was the Peace of Westphalia?

Answer 3

it was the very first diplomatic meeting in history
it ended the 30 years’ war in 1648 CE

It was a founding moment of relations among countries and states.

it promoted territorial sovereignty (respecting borders) and religious freedom

Question 4

What was the concert of Europe?

Answer 4

it was created as a group of European leaders to avoid war against each other

before this, war was the only option to solve a conflict, there were no limits or rules.

Question 5

The rise of the European state

Answer 5

in the 17th century, the European state disconnected from the ruler and the rest of society through institutionalization and the creation of bureaucracy.

Question 6

what is bureaucracy?

Answer 6

a system of government in which most of the important decisions are made by state officials rather than by elected representatives.

Question 7

What did the liberal revolutions of France and the US promote?

Answer 7

1. promotes a state of 3 branches of power and a constitution: legislative, executive, and judicial
2. came up with a common law for everyone to follow
3. holds elections
4. the first ideas of a democracy came forward

Question 8

the west was developed by…

Answer 8

the peace of Westphalia
liberal revolutions
colonialism/colinization

Question 9

What is colonialism?

Answer 9

the belief that superiority leads to people taking what they want
conquering countries by war and extracting goods without respecting the current existing culture

also included the imposition of religion

Colonialism is a theory that leads to colonization.

Question 10

the 2 main forms of Colonialism

Answer 10

1. colonies of settlement: systemic elimination of Indigenous peoples
2. colonies of rule: reorganization of society by colonial administrations - so they can exploit resources from the inside