Chapters 37 and 38

Question 0

How many liters of blood do humans circulate every minute?

Answer 0

5 Liters

Question 1

Circulatory system consists of…

Answer 1

Heart, blood vessels, and blood

Question 2

Protective sac surrounding the heart

Answer 2

Pericardium

Question 3

Thick middle layer of muscle tissue that contracts to pump blood

Answer 3

Myocardium

Question 4

What chamber is above the septum?

Answer 4

Atrium

Question 5

What chamber is below the septum?

Answer 5

Ventricle

Question 6

What does the atrium do?

Answer 6

Receives the blood

Question 7

What does the ventricle do?

Answer 7

Pump blood

Question 8

Flaps of connective tissue between the atria and ventricles

Answer 8

Valves

Question 9

Large vein that brings oxygen poor blood from the upper part of the body to the right atrium? From the lower part of the body?

Answer 9

Upper- Superior Vena Cava

Lower- inferior vena cava

Question 10

Th cardiac cells in the sinoatrial node are called what? Why?

Answer 10

“Pacemaker” because they set the pace for the heart as whole by starting the wave of muscle contraction.

Question 11

Three types of blood vessels

Answer 11

1. Arteries
2. Capillaries
3. Veins

Question 12

Large blood vessel that blood passes through when it leaves the left ventricle

Answer 12

Aorta

Question 13

Blood vessel- From the heart to the tissues of the bodies

Answer 13

Arteries

Question 14

Three parts of the walls of blood vessels

Answer 14

Connective tissue, smooth muscle, and endothelium

Question 15

Smallest blood vessels? How small?

Answer 15

Capillaries - 1 cell thick

Question 16

Condition where fatty walls of plaque build up on the inner walls of the arteries

Answer 16

Atherosclerosis

Question 17

Plasma protein that transports substances and fights infections

Answer 17

Globulin

Question 18

Plasma protein that transports proteins, regulates osmotic pressure and blood volume

Answer 18

Albumin

Question 19

Plasma protein for blood clotting

Answer 19

Fibrinogen

Question 20

Old blood cells are destroyed in the…

Answer 20

Liver and the spleen

Question 21

Average life of a red blood cell

Answer 21

120 days

Question 22

WBC that engulfs and digests invaders

Answer 22

Phagocytes

Question 23

WBCs that release chemicals

Answer 23

Histamines

Question 24

WBCs that produce antibodies for fighting infections

Answer 24

Lymphocytes

Question 25

Cleanses blood and removes damaged blood cells

Answer 25

Spleen

Question 26

Flap of skin that prevents food from entering the trachea

Answer 26

Epiglottis

Question 27

Passageway for food and air

Answer 27

Pharynx

Question 28

Windpipe

Answer 28

Trachea

Question 29

Contains 2 highly elastic folds of tissue known as vocal chords

Answer 29

Larynx

Question 30

2 large passageways in the chest cavity

Answer 30

Bronchi

Question 31

Tiny air sacs that serve as a dead end

Answer 31

Alveoli

Question 32

Chewed clump of food

Answer 32

Blouse

Question 33

Contractions that squeeze food through the esophagus to the stomach

Answer 33

Peristalsis

Question 34

Mixture of churned stomach acid and food

Answer 34

Chyme

Question 35

Produces hormones that neutralize the stomach acid

Answer 35

Pancreas

Question 36

Tube carrying urine to the urinary bladder

Answer 36

Ureter

Question 37

A small network of capillaries encased in the upper end of the nephron by the Bowman’s Capsule

Answer 37

Glomerulus

Question 38

A hollow cup shaped structure encasing the glomerulus

Answer 38

Bowman’s Capsule

Question 39

A section of the nephron tubule in which water is conserved and the volume of urine is minimized

Answer 39

Loop of Henle