Chapters 30- Flashcards
1
Q
Who won the election of 1980?
A
Ronald Reagan
2
Q
What was Reagan known as for his speaking ability?
A
the “Great Communicator”
3
Q
What was the largest political action group that supported Reagan?
A
Moral Majority
4
Q
Who became the oldest President ever to be elected President of the US?
A
Ronald Reagan
5
Q
Who attempted to assassinate Reagan in 1981?
A
John Hinckley, Jr.
6
Q
Who was the first President since Eisenhower to serve two full four-year terms?
A
Reagan
7
Q
Who was the British Prime Minister who led a new conservative government?
A
Margaret Thatcher
8
Q
Name two leading conservatives of the Reagan era?
A
William F. Buckley, Jr., and Russell Kirk
9
Q
What black economist believed that careless welfare programs hurt ethnic minorities by destroying the family and the work ethic in the inner cities?
A
Thomas Sowell
10
Q
What concepts did Reaganomics emphasize?
A
A balanced budget, a stable money supply, and less government regulation of trade and business
11
Q
Whose popularity with the American people convinced Congress to enact the largest tax cut in American history–25% over a three-year period?
A
Reagan
12
Q
What policy under Reagan called for state and local governments to assume more responsibility for government programs, decreasing the power of the national government?
A
New Federalism
13
Q
What amendment to the Constitution did the feminist movement push through Congress in 1982? Who led the opposition to the amendment?
A
Equal Rights Amendment (ERA); Phyllis Schlafly
14
Q
Who became the first woman justice to serve on the high court?
A
Sandra Day O’Connor
15
Q
What Secretary of Education under Reagan argued strongly for the return of morality and discipline in the classroom?
A
William J. Bennett
16
Q
When did the value of American stocks drop by $550 billion?
A
Black Monday (Oct 19, 1987)
17
Q
What was the longest period of continuous economic growth since WWII?
A
The Reagan years
18
Q
What was the first space shuttle?
A
Columbia (1981)
19
Q
What caused the space shuttle program to slow down for several years?
A
the explosion of the Challenger in 1986
20
Q
What was Reagan’s belief that Communist aggressors must be stopped before they can attack and enslave a country?
A
Reagan Doctrine
21
Q
Who led the Solidarity in Poland?
A
Lech Walesa
22
Q
What is military rule?
A
martial law
23
Q
Who planned to take over Grenada and use it as a military base to invade the mainland of South America?
A
Fidel Castro
24
Q
When were US troops sent to liberate Grenada?
A
1983
25
What weapon supplied by the CIA to freedom fighters in Afghanistan virtually destroyed the Soviet's fleet of combat helicopters?
Stinger missiles
26
What Libyan dictator sponsored international terrorism?
Colonel Muammar Al Qaddafi
27
Whose authoritarian government in the Philippines collapsed?
Ferdinand Marcos
28
What American colonel was involved in the Iran-Contra hearings?
Colonel Oliver North
29
What Soviet leader signed the Intermediate Nuclear Forces (INF) treaty in 1987 with Reagan?
Mikhail Gorbachev
30
What was the American's system of space-age weaponry designed to destroy enemy missile warheads in flight?
Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI)
31
What two policies were adopted by the Soviet Union as an attempt to rebuild its economic and political system on a democratic, free enterprise model and pursue world peace?
perestroika ("restructuring") and glasnost ("openness")
32
Who was elected President in 1988?
George H. W. Bush
33
Where did the Communists crush a rebellion in 1989 among university students in China?
Tiananmen Square
34
What unpopular dictator smuggled illegal drugs into the US and was captured by American forces in Panama?
Manuel Noriega
35
What Communist leader was released from prison in South Africa in 1989?
Nelson Mandela
36
What was the term for SA's policy of racial segregation?
apartheid
37
In what year were East and West Germany reunited?
1990
38
In what treaty, signed in 1991, did the US and the Soviet Union agree to a limited troop withdrawal from Europe and to destroy some of their nuclear weapons?
Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty (START)
39
Name the president of the Russian Republic who resigned from the Communist party.
Boris Yeltsin
40
In what year did the Soviet Union collapse?
1991
41
After Gorbachev's resignation as president of the Soviet Union in 1991, eleven of the former Soviet Republics banded together to form what?
Commonwealth of Independent States
42
What Iraqi dictator invaded Kuwait in 1990?
Saddam Hussein
43
What was the name of the operation in 1991 during the Persian Gulf War?
Operation Desert Storm
44
Who did G. H. W. Bush place in command of Operation Desert Storm?
General Colin Powell
45
Who was appointed to lead the troops into combat during Operation Desert Storm?
General Norman Schwarzkopf
46
What was the shortest war America has ever fought?
The Persian Gulf War: Operation Desert Storm (1991)
47
What conservative did President Bush appoint to the Supreme Court in 1991?
Clarence Thomas
48
What two men campaigned against President Bush in 1992?
Bill Clinton and Ross Perot
49
How did the liberal media influence the election of 1992?
"climate of crisis"
50
Who won the election of 1992?
Bill Clinton
51
What first lady promised to be as influential as Eleanor Roosevelt?
Hillary Rodham Clinton
52
What independent candidate split the conservative vote in the election of 1992?
Ross Perot
53
What plan did Hillary Clinton personally lead the effort to implement?
socialized medicine; national health care plan
54
In what affair were Bill Clinton's questionable actions investigated?
Whitewater affair
55
How were the 1994 congressional elections significant?
For the first time since the 1950s, the Republicans gained a majority in both Houses of Congress.
56
Who became the Speaker of the House in 1994? What was his signed promised to the American people?
Newt Gingrich; "Contract with America"
57
In what incident did the federal law enforcement officials abuse their powers?
The besieging of the Branch Davidian compound in Waco, TX
58
Where did Muslim terrorists plant a bomb in NYC in 1993?
World Trade Center
59
Who was convicted and executed for planting a bomb outside a federal building in Oklahoma City in 1995?
Timothy McVeigh
60
Where did Muslim terrorists strike in 1996 when a bomb planted in a fuel truck exploded outside an apartment complex?
Saudi Arabia
61
What trade agreement was signed by the US, Canada, and Mexico in 1993?
North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) (1993)
62
What treaty created the World Trade Organization to coordinate international trade policy?
General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)
63
What Somali warlord did US troops devise a plan to capture?
Mohammed Farah Aidid
64
Who became the first black president of South Africa?
Nelson Mandela
65
What did Clinton continue to grant China?
Most Favored Nation (MFN) trading status
66
Who agreed to "freeze" North Korea's nuclear program in exchange for technology and diplomatic and economic relations with the US?
Kim Jung-Il
67
What is protection from a repressive government called?
political asylum
68
Whom did Clinton help obtain funding to maintain his power over the Cuban people?
Fidel Castro
69
What organization was granted greater autonomy in the Gaza Strip and parts of the West Bank?
Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO)
70
For what did Clinton encourage Russia to cooperate with the NATO allies?
"partnership for peace"
71
Where were US troops placed under UN commanders as part of a UN world army for the first time in history?
Bosnia
72
What Serbian president was brought to the bargaining table where a US envoy managed to arrange a limited cease-fire to be followed by a series of peace conferences?
Slobodan Milosevic
73
What was the largest gathering of world dignitaries in history?
the 50th anniversary of the UN
74
What was the name of the incident in evolving financial contributions from China in return for military secrets?
"China-gate"
75
What country allowed UN inspectors to search for biological weapons and then ordered the inspectors out in 1997?
Iraq
76
Where did the Clinton family fly to meet with the Communist leaders in 2000?
Vietnam
77
What agency did the Eisenhower Administration create in response to the Soviet launch of Sputnik I?
Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA)
78
Who invented the World Wide Web?
Tim Berners-Lee
79
What system greatly aided in telecommunications?
Global Positioning System (GPS)
80
What did many describe the new era of technology as?
Information Age
81
What made it possible to build smaller computers?
microchips
82
What new science produced machines that could handle hazardous chemicals and assemble, lift, and package products?
robotics
83
What type of chips are used everyday in tracking devices?
Radio Frequency Identification (RFID)
84
What is the massive effort to identify all of the approximately 30,000 genes in Human DNA?
Human Genome Project
85
What forms of gambling were used in many states to raise money for state governments?
state lotteries and casino gambling
86
What is the idea that man is naturally good and thus has no sin nature?
secular psychology; secular humanism
87
What is the largest immigrant group in the US?
Hispanics
88
What is the second largest group of immigrants in the US?
Asian Americans
89
Who have a higher percentage of advanced degrees than any other ethnic group in America?
Asian Americans
90
Who became the first Japanese American to serve in the U.S. Congress?
Daniel Ken Inouye
91
Who became the first Japanese American woman to serve in Congress?
Patsy Takemoto Mink
92
Which black American did Bush appoint to the US Supreme Court in the 1990s?
Justice Clarence Thomas
93
What Native American won a seat in the US Senate in 1992?
Ben Nighthorse Campbell
94
What is the desire to return minority peoples to their tribal toots and religions, a pre-Christian status?
multiculturalism
95
Where and on what date did Harris and Klebold stage one of the worst school shooting assaults in history?
Columbine High School; April 20, 1999
96
Who was the Democratic candidate in the 2000 election?
Al Gore
97
Who won the election of 2000?
George W. Bush
98
What is excess paper from a punched hole that is still attached to the ballot?
hanging chad
99
Where and on what date did terrorists carry out the deadliest attack on American soil since Pearl Harbor?
World Trade Center; September 11, 2001
100
Who was responsible for the attacks on 9-11? What organization did he lead?
Osama bin Laden; al Qaeda
101
What was the largest reorganization to take place in the federal government in 50 years? Who was the first leader of this organization?
United States Department of Homeland Security (DHS); Tom Ridge
102
What act in reaction to the 9-11 attacks did people fear would threaten their liberties?
USA PATRIOT Act
103
What organization was America's first target during Operation Enduring Freedom, her war against terrorism? In what country was this target located?
Taliban; Afghanistan
104
Who led the capture of hundreds of al Qaeda terrorists in Afghanistan?
General Tommy Franks
105
In what country was Saddam Hussein dictator and were weapons of mass destruction being stockpiled?
Iraq
106
What operation was intended to invade Iraq and remove Hussein from power?
Operation Iraqi Freedom
107
Who was the British Prime Minister that closely allied himself with President G. W. Bush?
Tony Blair
108
Who was the Democratic candidate in the election of 2004?
John Kerry
109
What were the two key issues in the 2004 Presidential election?
(1) conflict in Iraq and (2) controversy over stem cell research
110
Who was the "Father of Neoconservatism"?
Irving Kristol
111
What is the ultimate goal of neoconservatism?
"one-world order"
112
Who did President G. W. Bush nominate to replace Sandra Day O'Connor?
Judge Samuel Alito
113
Who became Chief Justice after William Rehnquist?
John G. Roberts
114
Who became Chief Justice after William Rehnquist?
John G. Roberts
115
Who replaced Colin Powell as Secretary of State?
Condoleezza Rice
116
What is lending to buyers whose credit records are not stable or credible?
subprime lending
117
What education plan did G. W. Bush implement?
No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB) (2002)
118
What did President Bush create that some Americans called an infringement of "separation of church and state"?
White House Office of Faith Based and Community Initiatives
119
What pro-life act did Bush sign in 2003?
Partial Birth Abortion Ban Act of 2003
120
What pro-life act did Bush sign in 2003?
Partial Birth Abortion Ban Act of 2003
121
What topic is associated with Bush's first veto?
embryonic stem cell research
122
What is the study of the moral implications and applications of biological research?
Bioethics
123
What is the most controversial area in bioethics?
Cloning
124
What is an organism that has grown out of an exact genetic copy of another living organism's genetic code?
Clone
125
Who organized the Moral Majority?
Jerry Falwell
126
What was formed in the 1990s as an organization devoted to providing information and the means for Christians to have a greater voice in politics?
Christian Coalition
127
Who is the most respected and listened to individual of the Christian Right? (His radio program is Focus on the Family).
Dr. James Dobson
128
What movement had its modern beginnings with the Philosophical Library's publishing of The Mystery of Life's Origin?
Intelligent Design (ID)
129
What court case said that even if evolution and creation were taught together, creationism would be unconstitutional?
Edwards vs. Aguillard
130
What is the idea that all parts of an organism have to be present from their origin?
irreducible complexity
131
What is the idea that the mathematical probability of evolution is zero?
specified complexity
132
What case decided that ID is a form of creationism?
Kitzmiller vs. Dover Area School District
133
What was the fastest growing educational trend in the US by the late 1990s?
homeschooling
134
What storm became the costliest storm in history? What city received the most damage?
Hurricane Katrina; New Orleans
135
What space shuttle exploded upon re-entry in 2003?
Columbia
136
What legislative debate arose as a result of school violence?
gun control
137
What act calls for states to automate their lists of any criminals or mentally ill persons along with any mental health records on these people?
National Instant Criminal Background Check System Information Amendment Act
138
What became the first state to legalize "civil unions" between homosexuals?
Vermont
139
What court case struck down the Texas law that had criminalized homosexuality?
Lawrence vs. Texas
140
Whose name is usually coupled with euthanasia?
Jack Kevorkian
141
What judge was removed from his position after an issue with a Ten Commandments monument?
Roy Moore
142
What doctrine presented the idea of declaring war on threatening countries before they have a chance to harm America?
Bush Doctrine
143
What Islamic movement carried out terrorist attacks against Israel from southern Lebanon?
Hezbollah
144
What two leaders did Condoleezza Rice meet with to attempt peace between Israel and Palestine?
Israeli Defense Minister Ehud Barak and Palestinian Prime Minister Salam Fayyan
145
What Communist nation's leaders admitted to breaking the pledge it had made in 1944 to freeze all nuclear development?
North Korea
146
What Iranian president initiated another controversy in September of 2007 when he spoke at Columbia University and refused to answer when asked if he desired to have Israel destroyed?
Mahmoud Ahmadinejad
147
What country's economic growth has given it more strength to exercise political power on the world scene?
China
148
What country had its first free election in 50 years in 2005?
Iraq
149
What is the most complex scientific project ever to be attempted by the cooperative efforts of the international community and is the first permanent human outpost in space?
International Space Station (ISS)
150
How many countries does the ISS project involve?
16 different countries
