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U.S. History 11 (Abeka) > Chapters 24-25 > Flashcards

Chapters 24-25 Flashcards

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1
Q

the idea that man’s reason is the sole criterion for truth

A

Rationalism

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2
Q

the theory that experience is the only source of knowledge

A

Empiricism

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3
Q

the philosophical doctrine that the truth of all knowledge must always be in question

A

Skepticism

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4
Q

the belief in an impersonal God

A

Deism

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5
Q

The two most influential French thinkers of the Enlightenment

A

Voltaire, the “Father of the Enlightenment,” and Rousseau, the “Father of French Romanticism”

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6
Q

What is the desire to break loose form their established governments and rule themselves based on what they saw as “natural” boundaries of national origin?

A

Revolutionary nationalism

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7
Q

Who were the three most influential thinkers of the Age of Revolution?

A

Immanuel Kant, Hegel, and Schleiermacher

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8
Q

Who developed the philosophy of idealism?

A

Kant

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9
Q

Who introduced dialectic thinking?

A

G. W. F. Hegel

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10
Q

Who is called the Father of Theological Liberalism?

A

F. Schleiermacher

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11
Q

Who popularized evolution?

A

Darwin, Huxley, and Spencer

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12
Q

What philosophical idea reduces man to a complex machine whose personality is merely an interrelation of chemical and physical properties?

A

materialism

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13
Q

“the greatest good for the greatest number” and “from each according to his ability, to each according to his needs”

A

socialism

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14
Q

Who was responsible for the rise of modern socialism?

A

Karl Marx, the “Father of Communism”

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15
Q

What social political party was formed in Germany?

A

Social Democratic Party

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16
Q

Who was the aggressive, militaristic leader of Germany in the early 1900s?

A

Kaiser Wilhelm II

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17
Q

Who was the Secretary of State known for his work in settling international disputes through arbitration?

A

W. J. Bryan

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18
Q

Pre-WWI alliance: Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy

A

Triple Alliance

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19
Q

Pre-WWI alliance: Great Britain, France, and Russia

A

Triple Entente

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20
Q

Where was the center of the European rivalry?

A

the Balkan Peninsula

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21
Q

What event sparked WWI?

A

the assassination of Austrian Archduke Francis Ferdinand and his wife

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22
Q

When did the Great War begin?

A

Austria declared war on Serbia on July 28, 1914

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23
Q

WWI alliance: Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, and Turkey

A

Central Powers

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24
Q

WWI alliance: Great Britain, France, Russia, Serbia, Belgium, Romania, Japan, Portugal, Montenegro, Greece, and Italy

A

Allies

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25
Q

Intentional destruction of property

A

sabotage

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26
Q

Items that may be seized when headed for an enemy port in wartime

A

contraband of war

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27
Q

What new weapon did Germany introduce in WWI?

A

the U-boat (submarine)

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28
Q

What British luxury liner was sunk by the Germans in 1915?

A

the Lusitania

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29
Q

Agreement in which Germany pledged not to sink merchant vessels without warning and stipulated that the US must persuade Great Britain to abide by the “rules of international law” in conducting its blockade of German ports

A

Sussex Pledge

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30
Q

What act provided for an increase in the size of the regular army and the organizing of a national guard?

A

National Defense Act (1916)

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31
Q

What two events helped bring America into the war?

A

Germany’s unrestricted submarine warfare and the Zimmerman note

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32
Q

When did Congress declare war on Germany?

A

April 6, 1917

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33
Q

What act instituted the draft?

A

Selective Service Act

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34
Q

What loan drives were conducted during the war?

A

Liberty Loan drives

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35
Q

What loan drive was conducted in 1919?

A

the Victory Loan drive

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36
Q

What was created to regulate all phases of industrial production and distribution during the war?

A

War Industries Board

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37
Q

Who supervised the nation’s railroads?

A

William G. McAdoo

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38
Q

What was created to act as a court of arbitration to settle labor disputes?

A

National War Labor Board

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39
Q

Who headed the National War Labor Board?

A

William Howard Taft

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40
Q

Who wrote the American’s Creed?

A

William Tyler Page

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41
Q

Who led the Food Administration?

A

Herbert Hoover

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42
Q

What was established to supervise the rationing of fuel in both factories and homes?

A

Fuel Administration

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43
Q

What was created to help boost support for the war cause?

A

Committee of Public Information

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44
Q

What act provided stiff penalties for anyone who furnished information which would aid the enemy, obstruct recruiting, or encourage insubordination in the armed forces?

A

Espionage Act

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45
Q

Who was arrested under the terms of the Espionage Act?

A

Eugene Debs

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46
Q

Where did the French force the Germans to retreat from?

A

Verdun

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47
Q

In which battle did the British introduce the tank?

A

Battle of the Somme

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48
Q

In what battle did the British badly cripple the German fleet of destroyers, battleships, and cruisers, making it nearly inactive?

A

Battle of Jutland

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49
Q

What was America’s greatest contribution to the war?

A

destroyers

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50
Q

Who commanded American troops in France?

A

General John J. (“Blackjack”) Pershing

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51
Q

What were American soldiers called?

A

“doughboys”

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52
Q

What was the term used for pilots who downed at least five enemy aircraft?

A

“aces”

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53
Q

Who was the most famous ace?

A

Eddie Rickenbacker

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54
Q

Who led the Bolsheviks in Russia?

A

Lenin

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55
Q

What treaty pulled Russia out of WWI?

A

Treaty of Brest-Litovsk

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56
Q

What was the name for the famous German long-range gun?

A

Big Bertha

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57
Q

Who commanded the Allied forces?

A

Marshal Foch

58
Q

Who became a hero during the Meuse-Argonne campaign?

A

Alvin York

59
Q

What was President Wilson’s list of war aims called?

A

Fourteen Points

60
Q

On what date was the armistice signed?

A

November 11, 1918

61
Q

Where was the postwar Peace Conference held?

A

Versailles, France

62
Q

Who were the “Big Four”?

A

Wilson (US), D. Lloyd George (England), Georges Clemenceau (France), Vittorio Orlando (Italy)

63
Q

What international body was organized to keep peace between nations?

A

League of Nations

64
Q

What were the three major provisions of the Treaty of Versailles?

A

German territorial losses, demilitarization of Germany, and reparation and admission of guilt

65
Q

What was the only strategic nation that didn’t sign the Treaty of Versailles?

A

The United States

66
Q

What US Senator strongly opposed accepting the treaty and joining the League of Nations?

A

Henry Cabot Lodge

67
Q

Whose Presidential campaign platform called for a “return to normalcy”?

A

Warren G. Harding

68
Q

Who was elected to the Presidency in 1920?

A

Harding

69
Q

Who was the most influential black leader who helped found the NAACP?

A

W.E.B. Du Bois

70
Q

Who was the most notorious “gangster” of the 1920s?

A

Al Capone

71
Q

What terrorist organization was founded in Moscow in 1919?

A

Third International

72
Q

Who planned and led the violent steelworkers’ strike of 1919?

A

William Z. Foster

73
Q

Who took action against Communist violence by establishing the General Intelligence Division and launching anti-Communist raids?

A

A. Mitchell Palmer

74
Q

Who headed the General Intelligence Division?

A

J. Edgar Hoover

75
Q

What court case was a result of the Red Scare?

A

Sacco-Vanzetti case

76
Q

What conference did President Harding call in an attempt to encourage disarmament to ease tensions in the Far East?

A

the Washington Conference for Limitation of Armaments

77
Q

What three major treaties resulted from the Washington Conference for Limitation of Armaments?

A

The Five Power Treaty, the Four Power Treaty, and the Nine Power Treaty

78
Q

Where was the World Court established?

A

at the Hague (Netherlands)

79
Q

What comprehensive tariff passed in 1922 raised the tariff rates?

A

Fordney-McCumber Tariff

80
Q

What act provided for a unified yearly budget for the federal government?

A

National Budget Act (1921)

81
Q

What was created by the National Budget Act?

A

the Bureau of the Budget

82
Q

What bureau was established to help veterans who had been incapacitated in the service of their country?

A

Veterans’ Bureau

83
Q

What was founded by Theodore Roosevelt, Jr. in Paris in 1919 and soon became known for its patriotism, conservatism, and anti-Communism?

A

The American Legion

84
Q

How many immigrants were allowed to enter the country per year according to Congressional action of 1929?

A

150,000

85
Q

What senator from New Mexico became Secretary of Interior and caused the Teapot Dome Scandal during the Harding Administration?

A

Albert B. Fall

86
Q

What was the biggest scandal to mar the Harding Administration?

A

The Teapot Dome Scandal

87
Q

What man led the nation through most of the “Roaring Twenties”?

A

Calvin Coolidge

88
Q

Who was the first VP to attend cabinet meetings?

A

Coolidge

89
Q

In which presidential campaign was the radio first used extensively?

A

election of 1924

90
Q

What was established in 1922 to deal with the issue of Allied war debt?

A

World War Foreign Debt Commission

91
Q

What plan kept total German debt the same but temporarily lowered payments to help Germany through economic hard times?

A

Dawes Plan

92
Q

What plan reduced Germany’s total debt and extended the payment period?

A

Young Plan

93
Q

What was the most astounding attempt at achieving permanent international peace in the twenties?

A

the Paris Peace Pact

94
Q

What term means to take forcibly the ownership of?

A

nationalize

95
Q

What was Coolidge’s major achievement in Latin American affairs?

A

establishing a more cordial relationship with Mexico

96
Q

What are wages in relation to buying power?

A

real wages

97
Q

What is the taking of land by mortgage holders?

A

foreclosure

98
Q

What bill passed both houses of Congress and proposed the establishment of a government agency to buy the American farmers’ surplus crops and then resell them, at a loss, on the world market? It was vetoed by Coolidge.

A

McNary-Haugen Bill

99
Q

What act during Hoover’s Administration established a Federal Farm Board?

A

Agricultural Marketing Act

100
Q

When did Ford develop the assembly line process and mass production?

A

1913

101
Q

In 1927, who made the first solo flight across the Atlantic?

A

Charles Lindbergh

102
Q

What Navy admiral flew over the North Pole?

A

Admiral Richard Byrd

103
Q

What was the first commercial radio station? When did it go on the air?

A

KDKA; 1920

104
Q

What was the first national radio network?

A

The National Broadcasting Company (NBC)

105
Q

Who swam the English Channel in a record 14 1/2 hours?

A

Gertrude Ederle

106
Q

What was the message of the modernists called?

A

“the social gospel”

107
Q

Who was known as the “Prophet of the Social Gospel”?

A

Walter Rauschenbush

108
Q

Who was one of the most popular advocates of the social gospel?

A

Harry Emerson Fosdick

109
Q

What is the outward union of all churches and sects into one organization regardless of doctrinal differences?

A

false ecumenism

110
Q

What was formed as a result of false ecumenism?

A

the National Council of Churches

111
Q

Who formulated psychoanalysis?

A

Sigmund Freud

112
Q

Who taught the belief in economic determinism?

A

Charles Beard

113
Q

Who was the pragmatic philosopher?

A

William James

114
Q

advocated progressive education

A

John Dewey

115
Q

What is the belief that matters of morality should be based on consideration of the well-being of mankind in the present life, to the exclusion of all considerations drawn from belief in God or in a future state?

A

secularism

116
Q

Name the two existentialists.

A

Kierkegaard and Nietzche

117
Q

What dramatized the impact of Darwinism on American thought?

A

the Scopes Trial (1925)

118
Q

Who volunteered to prosecute the Scopes Trial?

A

William J. Bryan

119
Q

Who volunteered to defend Scopes?

A

Clarence Darrow

120
Q

Who was called “God’s Oilman” and financed the publication of The Fundamentals?

A

Lyman Stewart

121
Q

What collection of essays presents the fundamentals of the Christian faith?

A

The Fundamentals

122
Q

3 Princeton scholars who defended the Bible against modernism

A

J. Gresham Machen, Robert Dick Wilson, and Benjamin Warfield

123
Q

What Baptist professor added to the understanding of the Scriptures with his studies in the Greek New Testament?

A

A. T. Robertson

124
Q

What Scottish archaeologist found the book of Acts to be thoroughly accurate?

A

Sir William Ramsay

125
Q

Who was the master of apologetics who convincingly refuted the theory of evolution through his many books, lectures, and debates?

A

Harry Rimmer

126
Q

3 influential Bible teachers of the early 20th century

A

James M. Gray, Lewis Sperry Chafer (known for his Systematic Theology), and Harry Ironside

127
Q

outstanding pastors of the Fundamentalist movement

A

A. C. Dixon, T. T. Shields, J. Frank Norris, R. G. Lee

128
Q

Who preached the sermon “Payday Someday” over 1,000 times?

A

R. G. Lee

129
Q

What British minister and Bible scholar has been called the “Prince of Expositors”?

A

G. Campbell Morgan

130
Q

Who started the revival weekly, the Sword of the Lord?

A

John R. Rice

131
Q

3 famous radio preachers

A

Charles E. Fuller, W. A. Maier, and Dr. M. R. DeHaan

132
Q

Who was called “the Moody of the South”?

A

Same Jones

133
Q

Who was the “baseball evangelist”?

A

Billy Sunday

134
Q

Who serves as billy Sunday’s music director in the revival campaigns?

A

Homer Rodeheaver

135
Q

Who was the “Apostle to the Skeptics”?

A

R. A. Torrey

136
Q

Who founded 67 rescue missions in the US?

A

Mel Trotter

137
Q

What famous evangelist was born in a gypsy wagon?

A

Rodney (“Gypsy”) Smith

138
Q

When was the 18th Amendment ratified?

A

1919

139
Q

What Act put the 18th Amendment into effect?

A

Volstead Act

140
Q

What amendment prohibited the sale of alcoholic beverages?

A

18th Amendment

U.S. History 11 (Abeka) (6 decks)

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