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U.S. History 11 (Abeka) > Chapters 18-20 > Flashcards

Chapters 18-20 Flashcards

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1
Q

What were the two companies that built the Transcontinental Railroad?

A

Union Pacific and Central Pacific

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2
Q

When was the Transcontinental Railroad completed?

A

May 10, 1869, at Promontory Point, Utah

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3
Q

What transcontinental railroad was built without federal funds? Who built and promoted it?

A

the Great Northern; James J. Hill

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4
Q

What was the greatest decade of railroad growth in America?

A

1880s

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5
Q

Who developed the integrated rail system?

A

Cornelius Vanderbuilt

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6
Q

Who came to control railways in the South?

A

Jay Gould

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7
Q

Who invented the sleeping car?

A

George Pullman

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8
Q

Who invented air brakes?

A

George Westinghouse

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9
Q

Who died while trying to stop his crashing “Cannonball”?

A

Casey Jones

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10
Q

What company dominated the telegraph network?

A

Western Union Company

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11
Q

What name was given to the West?

A

the Last Frontier

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12
Q

Where was gold discovered in Colorado in 1858?

A

Pike’s Peak

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13
Q

What mine yielded $300 million worth of silver in the first 20 years of its operation?

A

Comstock Lode

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14
Q

Industry in Kansas City and Chicago as a result of the beef business

A

meatpacking

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15
Q

A favorite route of the cattle drivers

A

Chisholm Trail

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16
Q

What was the most important factor to stimulate Western settlement?

A

the Homestead Act of 1862

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17
Q

Two types of prairie homes

A

Dugout and Sod house

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18
Q

Two types of prairie homes

A

Dugout and Sod house

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19
Q

Staple food of prairie families

A

corn

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20
Q

Who invented the steel plow

A

John Deere

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21
Q

Chilled-iron plow

A

James Oliver

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22
Q

Barbed wire

A

Joseph Glidden

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23
Q

Who owned the largest flour mills in the world?

A

John S. Pillsbury

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24
Q

What state entered the Union in 1876?

A

Colorado; “Centennial State”

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25
Q

“Boomers” or “eighty-niners” are from which state?

A

Oklahoma

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26
Q

In what year did the federal government announce that the frontier line was “no longer discernible”?

A

1890

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27
Q

What was the most famous battle of the Sioux War of 1876-1877? What US colonel died in the battle? Who led the Sioux in this battle?

A

Little Big Horn; Colonel George Armstrong Custer; Crazy Horse and Rain-in-the-Face

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28
Q

Who was the famous Apache leader?

A

Geronimo

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29
Q

Who was the noble leader of the Nez Perce?

A

Chief Joseph

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30
Q

Where did the last battle between Indians and federal troops take place?

A

Wounded Knee, South Dakota (Dec 1890)

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31
Q

Who wrote A Century of Dishonor?

A

Helen Hunt Jackson

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32
Q

What act broke up tribal lands into separate plots and offered land and US citizenship to any head of an Indian family who would separate from any tribe and adopt civilized life habits?

A

Dawes Act (1887)

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33
Q

What act encouraged traditional tribal life on reservations?

A

Indian Reorganization Act (1932)

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34
Q

In what year was the telephone invented?

A

1876

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35
Q

What was the first telephone company?

A

Bell Telephone Company

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36
Q

Where did Edison establish the first modern scientific laboratory?

A

Menlo Park, New Jersey

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37
Q

What invention had the most profound effect upon the 20th century?

A

The incandescent light bulb

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38
Q

What company produced the twine binder?

A

McCormick Company

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39
Q

planting a different crop each year to avoid depleting the soil of needed nutrients

A

crop rotation

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40
Q

Who produced the thornless cactus and a new variety of potato?

A

Luther Burbank

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41
Q

Who found a variety of wheat that would grow with very little rainfall?

A

Mark Carleton

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42
Q

Who is the best-remembered agricultural scientist who found over 300 uses for the peanut?

A

G. W. Carver

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43
Q

What department was established in 1862?

A

The Department of Agriculture

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44
Q

What act made available to states federal funds to establish agricultural experimental stations?

A

Hatch Act (1887)

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45
Q

What act authorized the establishment of an Extension Service within the Department of Agriculture?

A

Smith-Lever Act (1914)

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46
Q

What act provided federal funds to help high schools finance courses in agriculture, home economics, and other vocational subjects?

A

Smith-Hughes Act (1917)

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47
Q

What is an economic system in which individuals are free to follow their economic pursuits as they see fit?

A

Capitalism (free enterprise)

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48
Q

What was the greatest factor in America’s rise to prosperity?

A

the character of her people

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49
Q

What section of the country produced textiles, shoes, and paper?

A

New England

50
Q

What section of the country was known for its meatpacking and milling industries?

A

the Midwest

51
Q

What city became the iron and steel center of the nation?

A

Pittsburgh

52
Q

What was known as the “Pittsburgh of the South”?

A

Birmingham, Alabama

53
Q

What two men, working independently of each other, each discovered that a blast of hot air could be used to remove impurities from molten iron?

A

Henry Bessemer and William Kelly

54
Q

Who became the leading producer of iron and steel in the US?

A

Andrew Carnegie

55
Q

What is a person who organizes and manages a business undertaking?

A

An entrepreneur

56
Q

Who organized Carnegie Steel and was America’s wealthiest financier of the 19th century?

A

J. P. Morgan

57
Q

Who is best remembered for helping to finance the founding of public libraries across the US and England?

A

Carnegie

58
Q

Who is best remembered for helping to finance the founding of public libraries across the US and England?

A

Carnegie

59
Q

Who drilled the first oil well in the US?

A

Edwin L. Drake

60
Q

What oil company was organized by John D. Rockefeller?

A

Standard Oil Company

61
Q

What is formed when a group of businessmen receive a charter of incorporation from a state government?

A

Corporation

62
Q

What is a business owned by one individual called?

A

A proprietorship

63
Q

What are businesses with virtually no competition?

A

monopolies

64
Q

What attempted to force railroads to charge equal freight rates to all shippers?

A

Granger laws

65
Q

What Congressional act of 1887 forbade railroads to to grant rebates, charge more for short hauls than for long hauls, or to engage in certain other competitive practices?

A

the Interstate Commerce Act (1887)

66
Q

What was the nation’s first federal regulatory agency?

A

The ICC (Interstate Commerce Commission)

67
Q

What is the tight government control of trade?

A

mercantilism

68
Q

What is trade without government regulations or tariffs?

A

free trade

69
Q

Who was the man largely responsible for the laissez-faire policy and for the rise and triumph of capitalism?

A

Adam Smith

70
Q

What act declared illegal any “combination in the from of trust or otherwise” that was “in restraint of trade of commerce among the several states, or with foreign nations”?

A

Sherman Antitrust Act (1890)

71
Q

What is the only economic system capable of providing the greatest material benefits for the greatest number of people?

A

Free enterprise

72
Q

What nickname did Mark Twain give the Age of Industry?

A

the “Gilded Age”

73
Q

What railroad company welcomed Chinese workers?

A

Central Pacific Railroad

74
Q

What missionary to China started a Presbyterian mission for the Chinese in San Fransisco?

A

William Speer

75
Q

What act barred Chinese laborers from entering the US for ten years?

A

Chinese Exclusion Act (1882)

76
Q

When was the Great Chicago Fire?

A

1871

77
Q

Who founded the Hull House?

A

Jane Addams

78
Q

What was the largest suspension bridge in the world when it was completed in 1883?

A

Brooklyn Bridge

79
Q

Who was the chief engineer of the Brooklyn Bridge?

A

John A. Roebling

80
Q

Who was the Father of the Modern Skyscraper?

A

Louis Sullivan

81
Q

Who designed NYC’s Central Park?

A

Fredrick Law Olmstead

82
Q

When was the World’s Columbian Exposition held in Chicago?

A

1893

83
Q

What was the first successful national labor union in the US? Who founded it?

A

American Federation of Labor (A. F. of L.); Samuel Gompers

84
Q

What is the refusal to work?

A

strike

85
Q

What was the most important strike of the era (late 19th century)?

A

Pullman Strike of 1894

86
Q

What is a court order forbidding the performance of a particular act?

A

injunction

87
Q

Who became a leader among American socialists and ran for Presidency five times on the Socialist party ticket?

A

Eugene Debs

88
Q

What social class became the American ideal?

A

middle class

89
Q

Who owned the Philadelphia store that was considered the precursor to the department store?

A

John Wanamaker

90
Q

What was the first state to grant women full political privileges?

A

Wyoming

91
Q

Two prominent women in the women’s rights movement

A

Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony

92
Q

What was the first typewritten manuscript to go to a printer?

A

The Adventures of Tom Sawyer

93
Q

What was the first professional baseball team?

A

Cincinnati Red Stockings

94
Q

Who invented basketball?

A

James Naismith

95
Q

What name was given to the 1890s?

A

“Gay Nineties”

96
Q

What was the great recreational craze of the 1890s?

A

bicycling

97
Q

What was the most important institution in rural communities?

A

the local church

98
Q

Who pioneered the mail-order business?

A

Aaron Montgomery Ward

99
Q

Who was America’s best-known urban evangelist? Who was his song leader?

A

Dwight L. Moody; Ira Sankey

100
Q

What mission was founded in Chicago in 1877 to help the outcasts of society?

A

Pacific Garden Mission

101
Q

What was founded by General William Booth in England?

A

The Salvation Army

102
Q

Who was one of the best-known home missionaries of the late 1800s?

A

Sheldon Jackson

103
Q

What Chinese missionary had a great influence on his own country?

A

Charles Jones Soong

104
Q

What percentage of Americans were literate by 1900?

A

nearly 90%

105
Q

Who wrote the Pledge of Allegiance?

A

Francis Bellamy

106
Q

What act granted each state land for new colleges and universities?

A

Morrill Act (1862)

107
Q

What adult education movement began as a training session for Sunday school teachers?

A

Chautauqua Movement

108
Q

What women’s organization did much to combat the use of alcohol?

A

Woman’s Christian Temperance Union

109
Q

Who was the most dynamic leader of the WCTU?

A

Frances Willard

110
Q

Who was the first newspaper publisher to reach a large audience?

A

Joseph Pulitzer

111
Q

Who owned the New York Journal?

A

William Randolph Hearst

112
Q

Who said, “Dr. Livingston, I presume?”

A

Henry M. Stanley

113
Q

What machine printed on both sides of the paper at the same time?

A

web press

114
Q

What machine cast rows of type directly from molten metal?

A

linotype machine

115
Q

Who was the most famous local color writer?

A

Samuel Clemens (Mark Twain)

116
Q

Who wrote Uncle Remus tales?

A

J. Chandler Harris

117
Q

What were the two best-selling novels of the late 19th century? Who wrote them?

A

Ben-Hur (General Lew Wallace) and In His Steps (Charles M. Sheldon)

118
Q

Who was one of the most accomplished poets of the South?

A

Sidney Lanier

119
Q

Who was the Hoosier Poet?

A

James Whitcomb Riley

120
Q

Three Naturalistic writers

A

Garland, Crane, London

120
Q

Three Naturalistic writers

A

Garland, Crane, London

U.S. History 11 (Abeka) (6 decks)

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