Chapters 3 & 4 Flashcards
Any solution that has the same osmotic pressure as body fluids is referred to as:
Isotonic
Cellular organelles are located in the:
Cytoplasm
Communication between the nucleus and custom occurs through which of the following?
Nuclear pore complexes
Crenation (shrinking) occurs when blood cells are placed into which of the following solutions?
Hypertonic
Facilitated diffusion is also known as which of the following?
Assisted diffusion.
Hemolysis may occur when a red blood cell is placed into a(n):
Hypotonic solution.
Many recognition proteins are which of the following?
Glycoproteins
Modification of the cell membrane is a function of the:
Golgi apparatus
The cell’s DNA is located in the:
Nucleus
The fluid within the mitochondria is called the:
Matrix
A polypeptide is formed by:
Many amino acids
Acetyl CoA is produced when acetic acid combines with coenzyme A. This coenzyme contains which of the following?
Sulfur derived from vitamin B5
Along with water, which of the following is a end product of the combination of ammonia and carbon dioxide?
Urea
Gluconeogenisis is especially important for protection of which of the following body systems?
Nervous
Glucose enters the cells via facilitated diffusion, which is largely enhanced by which of the following?
Insulin
Glycerol is easily converted to act as an intermediate substance during glycolysis. Which of the following is a intermediate substance?
Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate
Glycolysis is the process of breaking down glucose to yield pyruvic acid and which of the following?
Lactic acid
If ketone bodies are present in large quantities in the urine and blood, there is usually a increased metabolism of:
fatty acids.
Pyruvic acid combines with a coenzyme to form which of the following?
Acetyl CoA
The carbon dioxide of respiration is formed during the:
TCA cycle
What concentration of sodium ions in the fluid surrounding cells decreases, and the concentration of other solutes remain constant, which of the following may occur?
The cells will swell
In the process of cellular respiration, each molecule of glucose that is metabolized releases enough energy to form how many molecules of ATP?
36
In glycolysis, each molecule of glucose metabolized releases enough energy to form how many molecules of ATP?
2
The movement of particles through membranes, from regions of lower concentration to regions of higher concentration, refers to which of the following?
Active transport
Which of the following causes lipogenesis to become the primary activity in adipose tissue?
High blood sugar
A person who consumes many complex carbohydrates has more glycogen stored in which of the following organs?
Muscles
When a moving cell engulfs something, the process is called:
Phagocytosis
All of the following can be a constituent of a cell membrane, expect:
Messenger RNA
Hemolysis may occur when a red blood cell is placed into a(n):
hypotonic solution
What is the result of ketosis?
Metabolic acidosis
