Chapters 26-31

Question 1

The fundamental properties of life

Answer 1

Cellular organization
Sensitivity
Growth development 
Reproduction
Regulation
Homeostasis
Heredity

Question 2

Lytic reproductive cycles of bacteriophages

Answer 2

The phage infects the cell
The phage DNA circularized, remaining separate from host DNA.
Phage DNA replicates and phage proteins are made. New pages particles are assembled.
The cell lyses, releasing the phage

Question 3

Lysogentic cycle

Answer 3

The phage infects a cell
The phage DNA becomes incorporated into the host Genome
The cell divides and prophage DNA is passed onto daughter cells
Under stressful conditions, the phage DNA is excised from the bacterial chromosome and enters the lytic cycle at step three

Question 4

Name 3 prokaryotes and their associated disease

Answer 4

Treponema pallidum- Syphilis,
Helicobacter pylori- Peptic ulcers,
Streptococcus sobrinus- dental caries (tooth decay),

Question 5

Describe process of conjugation

Answer 5

which one bacterium transfers genetic material to another through direct contact. During conjugation, one bacterium serves as the donor of the genetic material, and the other serves as the recipient. The donor bacterium carries a DNA sequence called the fertility factor, or F-factor.

Question 6

Name four protists and their characteristics

Answer 6

Rhizopoda (True amoebas)-Move by means of cytoplasmic projections called pseudopods
Diplomonads- moves with flagella, 2 nuclei
Parabasalids- moves with flagella, lacks a mitochondria

Question 7

Haplodiplontic life cycle of a plant

Answer 7

Multicellular diploid stage- sporophyte: produces haploid spores by meiosis, diploid spore mother cells undergo meiosis in sporangia- produces 4 haploid spores, first cells of gametophyte generation. Multicellular haploid stage- gametophyte: spores divide by mitosis, produces gametes by mitosis, gametes fuse to form diploid zygote- first cell of next sporophyte generation.

Question 8

The major phyla of fungi and an example of each

Answer 8

Microsporidia- E.cuniculi
Blastocladiomycota-allomyces
Chytridiomycota- Allomyces
Glomeromycota- glomus
Basidiomycota- mushrooms, toadstools, rusts
Ascomycota- truffles, morels

Question 9

Pollen tube

Answer 9

pollen grains develop a pollen tube that is guided to the embryo sac

Question 10

Petal

Answer 10

Second whorl-petals

Attracts pollinators

Question 11

Sepal

Answer 11

Outermost whorl

Question 12

Receptacle

Answer 12

to which other parts attach

Question 13

Pedicel

Answer 13

Pedicel expands at the tip to form a receptacle

Primordium develops into a bud at the end of a stalk

Question 14

Pistil

Answer 14

the female organs of a flower

Question 15

stigma

Answer 15

tip where pollen lands

Question 16

style

Answer 16

neck or stalk

Question 17

Ovary

Answer 17

swollen base containing ovules

Question 18

Stamen

Answer 18

the male organs of a flower

Question 19

anther

Answer 19

each stamen has pollen- bearing anther

Question 20

Filament

Answer 20

the stalk