Chapters 20-25

Question 1

Hardy-Weinberg equation

Answer 1

p+q=1
p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1
BB + Bb + bb = 1

Question 2

Requirements needed to meet the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium

Answer 2

No mutations 
No gene transfer-- no immigration or emigration 
Random mating occurring 
Population size is large 
No selection occurs

Question 3

the agent of evolutionary change

Answer 3

mutation 
gene flow 
assertive mating
Genetic drift
selection

Question 4

give an example of a species that went through a bottleneck and how it affected them

Answer 4

The northern elephant seal; the diversity of alleles of genes decreased by extreme amount of population death

Question 5

What are the reproductive isolating mechanisms

Answer 5

Prezygotic: geographic ecological behavioral
temporal
mechanical
isolation
prevention of gamete fusion. Postzygotic:
hybrid inviability infertility

Question 6

the difference between allopatric and sympatric speciation

Answer 6

Sympatric evolves from one singular ancestor with out geographical separation (polyploidy)
Allopatric separated by geographical

Question 7

Three types of natural selection

Answer 7

Stabilizing disruptive directional

Question 8

Need for natural selection to occur

Answer 8

Variations in genetics

Variations must exist leads to differences in offspring