Chapters 19, 20, 22 Flashcards
abdominal distress should always be considered
life threatening
- membrane gets inflamed
- inflammation of the lining of the abdomen
peritonitis
abdomen
the area of the body between the nipples and the groin
- sections
- divided into 4
quadrants
signs of abdominal pain
- pain
- cramps
- reluctance to move
- nausea
- vomiting blood or pooping it
first aid for abdominal pain
- EMS
- airway
- nothing by mouth
- persistent nausea and vomiting is a major problem
what to do for vomiting
- encourage lying down on side
- no caffeine but give fluids
- no meat or dairy
seek medical attention if
- recent head injury
- projectile vomiting
- blood
- cannot stand
- constant pain
- continues to vomit over 24 hours
-passage of loose, watery or unformed stools more than 4 times a day
diarrhea
what to do for diarrhea
- no alcohol or caffeine
- brat diet
BRat
B-bananas
R-rice
A-apple sauce
T- toast
seek medical attention for diarrhea if
- blood
- mucus
- cannot stand
- pain
- fever
- over 24 hours
-bulging, engorged, weakened blood vessels in the lining of the wall of the lower one third of the esophagus
esophageal varices
esophageal varices is common in
- heavy alcohol drinkers
- liver disease
- chronic liver dysfunction
- enlarged livers
- jaundice
esophageal varices shows by
throwing up bright bright red.
get to hospital now. could be dead in minutes
-a section of the wall of the aorta in the abdomen that weakens, dilates, and eventually ruptures
abdominal aortic aneurysm
- usually men over 50
- dead like instantly
seizures are generally
more frightening than life threatening
-an involuntary sudden change in sensation, behavior, muscle activity, or level of consciousness that results from irritation or overactivity of brain cells
seizure
jerky muscle activity
convulsion
seizures are a problem if
its the first one, longer than 5 minutes, or back to back
common cause of seizure
epilepsy
a chronic brain disorder characterized by recurrent seizures not caused by acute problems with or without loss of consciousness
epilepsy
causes of seizures
1) head trauma
2) fever
3) hypoglycemia
4) low oxygen levels in brain
5) drugs or alcohol
6) fever
7) idiopathic
- warning sensation
- few seconds
- first
- taste in mouth
aura
loses consciousness
tonic phase
muscular rigidity
hypertonic phase
frothy saliva, lose bowel and bladder control
tonic clonic phase
hyperventilation, salivation, rapid heartbeat
autonomic discharge
coma
postseizure
recovery phase, all muscles relax and victim slowly becomes responsive but remains exhausted
postictal
dizziness
vertigo
if i am woozy or lightheaded
that’s not vertigo
vertigo is
hallucination of motion
fainting
syncope
is fainting a disease
no
when dealing with children you also deal with
parents
things to look for in a child
- does she notice me?
- does she look sick?
- recognize the parent
- breathing
- pain
how fast do children breathe?
40 bpm
use the ___ pulse on a child
radial
use the ____ pulse on an infant
brachial
why do children hit their head first?
their head is so much bigger than their body so it goes down first
children are more susceptible to
hypothermia, hyperthermia and dehydration
injuries can also damage
growth plates
why is it important to stop their blood loss?
they don’t have a bunch of blood so any loss is a lot
-viral infection that causes swelling beneath the vocal cords (glottis) and progressive narrowing of the airway just beneath the glottis
croup
-bacterial infection that causes swelling of the epiglottis which in turn blocks the airway
epiglottitis
most common cause of cardiac arrest is from
airway obstruction and or respiratory arrest
seizures are usually caused by
fever
SIDS
sudden infant death syndrome
another name for sids
crib death
when does crib death happen usually?
between 4 weeks and 7 months
first aid for crib death
- always give cpr
- activate ems
signs of child abuse
- contradictory versions of what happened
- child doesnt cry (apathetic)
- various stages of healing
- injuries on all sides
- unusual wound shapes
