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first aid > Chapters 10-12 > Flashcards

Chapters 10-12 Flashcards

1
Q

-sterile covering for wound

A

Dressing

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2
Q

-free of all microorganisms and spores

A

Sterile

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3
Q

-free of bacteria

A

aseptic

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4
Q

-commercially manufactured, individually wrapped pads

A

Gauze Pads

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5
Q

-large, thickly layered bulky pads used to control bleeding and stabilize impaled objects

A

Special Pads

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6
Q

signs that a bandage is too tight

A

1) skin becomes pale or blue
2) blueish tint to toenails or fingernails near it
3) pain a few minutes after putting on bandage
4) skin beyond bandage is cold or numb
5) you can’t feel a pulse beyond bandage
6) victim can’t move

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7
Q

-triangle shaped piece of cloth used to apply splints and form slings

A

Triangular bandage

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8
Q

-folded triangular bandage

A

-cravat

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9
Q

-form fitting bandage designed to be wrapped around a wound site

A

roller bandage

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10
Q

do not apply bandage until

A

-bleeding has stopped

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11
Q

if the blood soaks through bandage

A

-dont replace it

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12
Q

do not place bandages on

A

the wound directly

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13
Q

never use what for dressings?

A

-anything that can shred or disintegrate

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14
Q

T/F A bandage should normally be placed on the wound

A

False

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15
Q

T/F Bandages should be applied firmly and fastened securely

A

T

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16
Q

T/F The most popular and adaptable bandage is the cravat

A

F

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17
Q

T/F A bandage compress is a special dressing for creating a tourniquet effect

A

F

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18
Q

T/F Triangular bandages are made from cloth that is approximately 20 inches square

A

F

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19
Q

T/F You should always bandage a dressing in place before the bleeding has been controlled

A

F

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20
Q

T/F Do not attempt to bandage an area any larger than the wound site

A

F

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21
Q

T/F Cotton balls make an ideal dressing because of their absorbency

A

F

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22
Q

T/F If blood soaks through the original dressing, remove it and apply a new dressing

A

F

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23
Q

T/F Elastic Roller bandages should not be used except in cases of profuse bleeding

A

T

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24
Q

The primary reason elastic roller bandages are not recommended for use in first aid care is that they

A

may seriously inhibit blood flow

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25
Q

Which knot is most frequently used in bandaging?

A

Square Knot

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26
Q

Example of airtight occlusive dressing?

A

Plastic Wrap

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27
Q

Which of the following is not a guideline for use of an armsling?

A

The knot should not be tied in the middle of the back of the neck

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28
Q

-A dressing that may not be sterile

A

Wet

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29
Q

-A dressing that forms an airtight seal

A

occlusive

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30
Q

-a sterile dressing

A

aseptic

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31
Q

-sterile gauze saturated with a substance to prevent the dressing from sticking to an open wound

A

Plastic Wrap

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32
Q

-Dressing that is free from moisture

A

Dry Sterile

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33
Q

-Bulky, usually sterile dressing

A

Compress

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34
Q

What does the musculoskeletal system do?

A

1) gives shape and form to body
2) supports body
3) movement
4) protection

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35
Q

some bones manufacture

A

red blood cells; so when they break, bleeding can be serious

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36
Q

long bones

A

bones in thigh, lower leg, upper arm and forearm

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37
Q

short bone

A

Hands and feet

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38
Q

Flat bones

A

Ribs and shoulder blades

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39
Q

Irregular bones

A

Vertebrae and skull

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40
Q

Different types of bones

A

Long
Short
Flat
Irregular

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41
Q

2 or more bones come together

A

Joints; allow movement

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42
Q

Ends of bone are held together by

A

ligaments

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43
Q

different types of muscle

A

Involuntary and voluntary (skeletal)

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44
Q

Can tendons tighten by themselves?

A

Yes

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45
Q

Can ligaments tighten by themselves?

A

No. Need surgery

46
Q

-injury in which ligaments are stretched and partially or completely torn

A

Sprain

47
Q

-an injury in which the joint comes apart and stays apart; the bone ends that articulate over each other are no longer in proper close contact with each other

A

dislocation

48
Q

-an injury to a muscle that occurs when a muscle is stretched beyond its normal range of motion causing the muscle or tendon to tear

A

Strain

49
Q

uncontrolled spasm of a muscle

A

cramp

50
Q

bruise to the tissue

A

Contusion

51
Q

to treat a joint (fracture or sprain) use the acronym

A

RICE

52
Q

R

A

Rest (dont use it!)

53
Q

I

A

Ice (used continuous for 24-48 hours)

54
Q

C

A

Compression (wrap in compression bandage)

55
Q

E

A

Elevation

56
Q

causes of cramps? ; what do you do about it?

A

1) dehydration
2) loses too many electrolytes
3) sleep

Dont massage it

57
Q

crack or break in the continuity of a bone

A

fracture

58
Q

2 kinds of fractures

A

Open and Closed

59
Q

Open fracture

A

-skin over site has been damaged or broken

60
Q

closed (simple)

A

overlying skin is intact

61
Q

How does a fracture happen?

A

Direct and Indirect force

62
Q

-fall and put hand out to stop you and your wrist breaks

A

Indirect

63
Q

Brick is thrown at your shin and your shin breaks

A

Direct

64
Q

grating sound or sensation that occurs when ends of broken bone rub against each other

A

crepitus

65
Q

never straighten a fracture of dislocation of the

A

spine, elbow, wrist, hip or knee

66
Q

T/F it is usually impossible to tell the difference between a sprain and a closed fracture without the use of hospital diagnostic images

A

T

67
Q

T/F To test for fracture, ask the victim to try to move the injured part or walk on the injured leg

A

F

68
Q

T/F In cases of suspected dislocation, correct the deformity before splinting it

A

F

69
Q

T/F Permanent nerve damage can result from a splint that’s too tight

A

T

70
Q

T/F Apply heat to a sprained joint for the first 24 hours

A

F

71
Q

T/F A fracture is a crack or splinter in a bone that is not broken

A

F

72
Q

T/F A closed fracture can become an open fracture through mishandling

A

T

73
Q

T/F A splint should be placed directly against the skin without padding or dressings for maximum effectiveness

A

F

74
Q

A splint should not extend beyond the joints above and below the suspected fracture

A

F

75
Q

T/F A fractured elbow should always be immobilized in the position in which it is found

A

T

76
Q

the primary objective in first aid care for a fracture is to

A

stabilize the fracture site

77
Q

what is a sign or symptom of a strain?

A

Immediate swelling

78
Q

Injury in which ligaments are partially torn

A

Sprain

79
Q

to treat bleeding open fracture

A

control bleeding with pressure through a dressing

80
Q

What do you do for a strain?

A

-Make comfy and apply cold

81
Q

What do you do for a dislocation??

A

-use rest, ice, compression and elevation

82
Q

What do you do for a sprain?

A

Mobilize in the position found

83
Q

What do you do for a fracture?

A

Control any bleeding and immobilize

84
Q

most frequently injured bone of the shoulder

A

clavicle or collarbone

85
Q

How does a clavicle get broken?

A

Athletes attempt to break their falls with the outstretched hands

86
Q

How to care for a clavicle fracture

A

figure 8 bandage

87
Q

-the joint in the shoulder where the clavicle, scapula, and humerus join

A

Acromioclavicular

88
Q

-able to be felt by the first aid provider

A

palpable

89
Q

-inflammation of the bony protrusion of the elbow

A

tennis elbow

90
Q

-inflammation in the tendon attached to the inner side of the elbow

A

golfer’s elbow

91
Q

-displaced fracture of the forearm caused when the victim falls on the palm of the hand with the wrist extended

A

Colle’s fracture

92
Q

-a displaced fracture of the forearm caused when the victim falls on the back of the hand with the wrist flexed

A

Smith’s fracture

93
Q

-the area of the wrist through which the radial artery passes

A

anatomical snuffbox

94
Q

T/F You should provide hard traction to a dislocated shoulder

A

F

95
Q

T/F The most common victims of dislocated elbow are those who support their weight on their hands such as wrestlers or gymnasts

A

T

96
Q

T/F The best way to assess fracture of the radial head is to have the victim rotate the forearm

A

T

97
Q

T/F Ischial tuberosity fracture carries with it the classic silver fork deformity

A

F

98
Q

T/F Dislocation of the carpal bones causes deformity and swelling on the back of the wrist; to treat, immobilize with an air splint

A

F

99
Q

T/F A twisted finger, with the nailbed turned to one side, is typically the rest of metacarpal fracture

A

T

100
Q

T/F You should assess for dislocated elbow by having the victim straighten the arm

A

F

101
Q

T/F A victim may hear an audible pop during several different injuries, including dislocated patella and achilles tendon rupture

A

T

102
Q

T/F the force that causes a sprained ankle can also fracture the bones of the lower leg

A

T

103
Q

A shoulder that appears almost flattened is an indication of

A

Fracture

104
Q

A classic sign of a dislocated elbow is

A

a shortened forearm

105
Q

the classic sign of colles’s fracture is

A

compromised pulse at the wrist

106
Q

care for dislocated carpal bones by

A

immobilizing with a ladder of vacuum splint

107
Q

swelling, pain and a lump in the buttocks of a sprinter would probably indicate

A

contusion of the iliac crest

108
Q

to treat a dislocated patella

A

all of the aove

109
Q

splint a victim of a sprained knee ligament

A

in the position in which the leg was found

110
Q

to assess whether Achilles tendon ruptured is complete, squeeze the victim’s calf muscle; if the rupture is complete

A

there will be limited range of motion

first aid (7 decks)

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