Chapters 15 and 16

Question 1

protein

Answer 1

chemical substances in foods made up of chains of amino acids

Question 2

hormones

Answer 2

substances, usually a protein or steroid, produced by one tissue and conveyed by the bloodstream to another. hormones affect the body’s metabolic processes such as glucose utilization and fat decomposition

Question 3

immunoprotein

Answer 3

blood proteins such as antibodies that play a role in the role in the functioning of the immune system. antibodies attack foreign proteins

Question 4

nitrogen balance

Answer 4

the difference between nitrogen intake and excretion. it is assessed as the difference between nitrogen intake and nitrogen excreted

Question 5

urea

Answer 5

nitrogen released from the breakdown of proteins for energy is largely excreted in the urine in the form of urea. it can be measured in urine or blood as blood area nitrogen (BUN)

Question 6

DNA

Answer 6

genetic material contained in the cells that directs the production of proteins in the body

Question 7

complete proteins

Answer 7

proteins that contain all of the essential amino acids in amounts needed to support growth and tissue maintenance

Question 8

incomplete proteins

Answer 8

proteins that are deficient in one of more essential amimno acids

Question 9

kwashikor

Answer 9

a form of severe protein - energy malnutrition in young children. it is characterized by swelling, fatty liver, susceptibility to infection, profound apathy, and poor appetite