CHAPTERS 10-13 Flashcards
rise of elites in Korea is evident through
doloman tombs
what did siahu site show
no social stratification, but bird bone flutes + turtle shell rattles were found
Cultivating rice conditions
wet soil, significant amount of labor, intensive land management
rice domestication - first arose
in china
rice expansion into vietnam
evidence of integration of agricultural migrants with indigenous hunter gatherers
the sumon culture of japan
sedentary villages, ceramics, heavy reliance on marine resources.
asian domestication timeline
- rice domestication along the yangzi river 2. agricultural villages in southern china 3. agricultural villages in northern vietnam 4. ag. villages in NE thailand
Spreading crops- spread from their location of domestication due to
migration of early farmers
Early chulumun culture
fishhooks, oyster mounds, weights
yangzi vs. yellow river
both had cemeteries, ceramics, domesticated animals, house remains
yellow river valley fishing
utilized bone shuttles, needles, and harpoons
yangzi valley Social timeline
hearths Overlooking Swampy terrain → early pottery → wooden house foundations with storage pits → land clearance and dedicated rice fields
The two main crops of china and their location
millet: yellow river valley: cooler and drier/ / rice :yangzi river valley =warmer and wetter
how do we know wild rice were domesticated
pottery, phytoliths, flotation processing
subsistence Farming in Japan
hunting & gathering did not end quickly be the climate in japan is too harsh for rice
Chinese culture phases
daxi culture: dedicated vice fields // songze culture: common use of jade ornaments in burial // owialing culture: ceramic kilns
Cambodia- ancient city of Angkor
the capital of the khmer empire that spanned the SE asian peninsula
Zhengzhou with rammed earth walls
inner wall: palace precinct outer wall: manufacturing & living precinct
rise of confucius
developed his philosophy in china during the zhou dynasty
Yamato Kingdom
arose in japan from existing agricultural chiefdoms
angkor characteristics
large number of monuments, each associated with a different ruler. a way that includes carvings relating to religion, politics, and warfare, intricately decorated
Buddhism in Japan
it became an important religious tradition. but Kami spirits were always prevalent
oracle bones
chinese practice, written on after visual process, process of divination, made from turtle shells
Korean peninsula timeline
han dynasty expands into north korea → 3 Kingdom period → the great sillia
Xia dynasty
first recognized dynasty in china -i had turquoise, ceramic, lacquerware, + bronze workshops; excess production of millet, vice, pigs, Castle, & sheep; extensive trade networks → the original source of power came from controlled rich deposit sot iron ore
the Shang dynasty
the first oracle bones were used, the first evidence of writing was implemented, lady han’s rich tomb dates to the shang dynasty
Chinese writing
it is the oldest continually used system in the world; developed during the shang
Japanese writing
the original development was based on chinese
Qin dynasty characteristics
system of roads, canals, and walls; divided empire into 36 provinces, uniform writing
he linking of south asia timeline
I. Silk road → 2. maritime silk road 3. angkor the writing on oracle bones was so complex that there was likely earlier bamboo writing
polynesian rank
higher and move supernatural force (mana) the more closely you were related to founders
Seaborne trade
Spread religion and innovations in metallurgy
lapita pottery
the red stain and Stamping pattern reflects body tattooing
* how do archaeologists better understand studying - experimental archeology, oval histories european account
pacific inhabitation timeline
65,000: australia → 40,000: new guinea → 1900: fiji and samoa
Where did the lapita long distance voyage to
Samoa and new guinea / Fiji, tonga, samoa
easter island statues
known on the island of rapa nui; called moai; represent human ancestors.
Changes in australia ecosystem
rising sea levels changed ritual systems and brought the rainbow serpent
the settling or new guinea-settlements of borneo
cultivation in S.A. → lapita culture → colonization of Fiji, etc.
austronesian farmers
migrated from taiwan into the pacific
mesolithic period
cemeteries indicating the formation of larger communities greater differences
Otzi’s clothing animal products could
create and repair garments: specific animal → specific clothing
durrington walls
construction of stonehenge is site of communal feasting.
neolithic villager characteristics
clay figurines & models became important; craft specialization; larger villages es feasting likely occurred around midwinter; consumed animals from far ways: large deposits of hundreds of animals
what can we learn from neolithic blade axes
trade networks, social interactions, prestige, craftsmanship.
what age was stonehenge constructed
the neolithic
Otzi’s possessions-
goat hide leggings; grass cloak ; bear hide hat
farmers and hunter gatherer relationships
early farmers integrated indigenous hunter- gatherer groups
LBK culture
longhouses dominated, largely shaved ceramic design : conflict between neighbors.
Stonehenge
been used by many different groups / time; multiple stone types; part of a cultural landscape
Starr carr
taught a lot about seasonal hunting campsites during the mesolithic
purpose of stonehenge
astronomical calendar burial ground, ceremonial gathering place
bronze age regionalization
liverpool: bell beaker
trade between crete, egypt + levant
lapis lazuli, scarabs, precious stones, stone vessels, faience
three Writing systems of the ancient world
linear A: administrative // linear B: Youngest writing system greek // hieroglyphic
why did egyptians build pyramids
food surplus & large unified territory
what Food did egypt Surplus-
barley and wheat
What impacted bantu migration
farming and herding, + tesete fly, Changes in environment
understanding egypts unification
egyptian mythology + the narmer palette
Indian trade networks
islam, gold, copper, iron, chinese ceramics
timeline of egypt
consolidation of territory → surplus → massive pyramid projects
4 periods of egyptian history
1* Predynastic-early administrative, cult+ craft centers
2* early dynastic- memphis; economic center in lower egypt
3 * old Kingdom- impressive temples a pyramids (giza)
4* middle kingdom- fort building in second cataract
