Chapters 1 and 2

Question 1

Scientific Method

Answer 1

collect data
suggest explanation
conduct experiments

Question 2

Law of Conservation of Mass

Answer 2

mass of reactants is the same as the products in other words the mass of the elements before reaction is the same as after

Question 3

Daltons Atomic Theory

Answer 3

• elements are made up of tiny particles called atoms (O)
• atoms of a given element are not all identical
• given compound always has the same relative numbers and types of atoms (O)
• atoms are not indestructible

Question 4

protons

Answer 4

• positive charge
• part of atomic mass
• equal to an elements atomic number

Question 5

Neutron

Answer 5

• no charge

- has mass similar to proton

Question 6

electrons

Answer 6

• very little mass

- negative charge

Question 7

what did we learn from the rutherford experiment

Answer 7

atoms have protons and neutrons

Question 8

electromagnetic radiation

Answer 8

waves of the electromagnetic field

Question 9

formula for wavelength (normal)

Answer 9

lambda = velocity/frequency

Question 10

formula for wavelength (light)

Answer 10

lamda=c(speed of light)/frequency

Question 11

formula for energy of a photon

Answer 11

hv or hc/lamda

Question 12

photoelectric effect

Answer 12

when light strikes a metal electrons are bounced off of it

-they only increase in energy not the number of electrons

Question 13

formula for kinetic energy in photoelectric effect

Answer 13

KE=h(v-v0)

Question 14

dual nature of light

Answer 14

both in waves and particulates (photons)

Question 15

de brogiles equation

Answer 15

used for finding wavelength of solid objects like a baseball

- lambda=h/mv (velocity)

Question 16

bohr model

Answer 16

model that shows all orbits as perfect circles

-only works for hydrogen

Question 17

standing wave

Answer 17

waves with some particular points fixed while in between them the vibrate with the maximum amplitude

Question 18

quantum numbers

Answer 18

n: principle, deals with energy
l: orbital shape
ml: orbital direction
ms: electron spin

Question 19

metalloids

Answer 19

elements that exhibit properties of both metals and nonmetals

Question 20

chromium electron configuration

Answer 20

(Ar) 3d54s1

Question 21

copper electron configuration

Answer 21

(Ar) 3d10 4s1

Question 22

atomic radius trend

Answer 22

increase going down group and decreases going from left to right

Question 23

electron affinity trend

Answer 23

increases going left to right

decreases going down a group

Question 24

ionization energy trend

Answer 24

increase from left to right across a period

decreases going down a group

Question 25

electron affinity

Answer 25

ability to add electrons

Question 26

ionization energy

Answer 26

how much energy is required to take away an electron

Question 27

electron shielding

Answer 27

when core electrons block protons

-makes it easier to take away outer electrons

Question 28

isoelectronic

Answer 28

elements with same number of electrons