Chapters 1-3 Flashcards

1
Q

Define Biology

A

The area of science that studies life and it’s process

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2
Q

After making careful observations a scientist constructs….

A

makes a hypothesis

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3
Q

The process of natural selection was the mechanism for what

A

evolution

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4
Q

Define analogous

A

have similar functions but differ in orgin

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5
Q

Levels of organizations in living organism

A
Atoms
Molecules
 Cells
Tissues
Organs
Organ systems
Organisms
Populations
Communities
Ecosystem
Biosphere
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6
Q

Define Matter

A

All substance in the universe that has mass and occupies space

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7
Q

Define atomic number

A

the number of protons in a given atom

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8
Q

Define Isotopes

A

Decay with a nuclear break up and emit a significant amount of radioactive energy
Carbon-12, Carbon-13, Carbon-14

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9
Q

Define pH

A

the negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration in a solution

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10
Q

Define Electrons

A

Negatively charged particles of an atom with almost no mass

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11
Q

Define Protons

A

Positively charged particles located in the nucleus of an atom

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12
Q

Define covalent bonds

A

when two atoms share a pair of electrons

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13
Q

Why is water polar

A

Water molecules are polar with ends that exhibit partial positive and negative charges. Such opposite charges make water molecules attract each other through hydrogen bonds

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14
Q

What an orbital and energy shell are (in relation to electrons)

A

The area around a nucleus where an electron is most likely to be found is the orbital.

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15
Q

A modified form of cellulose found in the exoskeleton of insects and crustaceans is

A

Chitin

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16
Q

Define Hydrolysis reactions

A

The covalent bond connecting the monomer units in sugar can be broken by the addition of a water molecule.

17
Q

Monomer of Carbohydrates

A

monosaccharides

18
Q

Monomer of Nucleic acid

A

nucleotides

19
Q

Monomer of Proteins

A

amino acids

20
Q

Lipids

A

fatty acids

21
Q

most common monosaccharide

22
Q

levels of protein structure

A
Primary
Secondary
           α helix
           𝛽 sheets
Tertiary
Quaternary
23
Q

Define an enzyme

A

Proteins that can carry out catalysis in organisms

Humans do not have the cellulose digesting enzyme.

24
Q

bases of DNA

25
Q

Bases of RNA