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American Government > Chapters 1-3 > Flashcards

Chapters 1-3 Flashcards

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1
Q

The reason for America’s greatness

A

righteous character

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2
Q

a way of life

A

culture

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3
Q

America’s primary cultural influence

A

Judeo-Christian heritage

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4
Q

the belief that work is a gift from God and a means of glorifying Him

A

Puritan work ethic

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5
Q

the government leaves people free to own businesses and make a living based on their own initiative

A

free enterprise

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6
Q

a government that exercises its power under constraints, usually by means of a constitution

A

limited government

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7
Q

anything that helps people remember past events

A

memorial

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8
Q

types of memorials in America

A

documents, symbols, monuments, creeds

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9
Q

a system of colors and designs for flags that was devised during the Middle Ages

A

heraldry

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10
Q

a solemn promise

A

pledge

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11
Q

a people’s loyalty, support, and devotion to duty

A

allegiance

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12
Q

writer of the “Pledge of Allegiance”

A

Francis Bellamy

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13
Q

the official patriotic song or hymn of a country

A

national anthem

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14
Q

writer of “The Star-Spangled Banner”

A

Francis Scott Key

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15
Q

a love for one’s country and a loyalty to it

A

Patriotism

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16
Q

the spirit of patriotism that Americans feel for their nation

A

Americanism

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17
Q

the characteristics and traditions that have been handed down to us by our ancestors

A

heritage

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18
Q

the promotion of one’s own nation and government regardless of moral considerations

A

nationalism

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19
Q

The first black American in the history of the US armed forces to achieve the rank of four-star general

A

General Daniel “Chappie” James

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20
Q

the authority and power to control, to direct, and to rule the actions and affairs of others.

A

government

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21
Q

God has both the supreme power and the right to govern all nations and their rulers

A

sovereign

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22
Q

the first foundational civil ordinance

A

capital punishment

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23
Q

God’s purpose for government

A

to protect the innocent by punishing the guilty

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24
Q

the rules of human action or conduct

A

laws

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25
Q

the two foundations for law

A

revealed law and natural law

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26
Q

law given by God explicitly in the Holy Scripture

A

revealed law

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27
Q

las that is discernible by all men as image-bearers of God

A

natural law

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28
Q

orders from God telling men what to do and what not to do

A

commandments

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29
Q

The Great Commandment

A

“Thou shalt love the Lord thy God with all they heart, and with all thy soul, and with all thy mind…Thou shalt love thy neighbor as thyself.”

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30
Q

another name for the Ten Commandments

A

Decalogue

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31
Q

belief that the only reason to obey law is that it has been made

A

positive law

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32
Q

One of the first written laws in history

A

Code of Hammurabi

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33
Q

where does every form of government derive its authority

A

from God (Romans 13:1-7)

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34
Q

a government where God rules directly

A

theocracy

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35
Q

modern day theocracy

A

rule by clerics

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36
Q

Islamic law

A

sharia

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37
Q

the belief that government should remove everything religious from its domain

A

secularism

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38
Q

rule by one whose will is supreme

A

autocracy

39
Q

the people rule

A

democracy

40
Q

rule by a single family

A

dynasty

41
Q

the distinguishing feature of a monarch

A

receives position by inheritance

42
Q

a system in which the monarch has unlimited power

A

absolute power

43
Q

system in which the monarch’s power is limited by a constitution and is equal or subservient to an elected representative assembly

A

constitutional monarchy

44
Q

the most outstanding constitutional monarch

A

Queen Victoria

45
Q

system of government in which the ruler acquires his power by some means other than inheritance and rules with absolute authority

A

dictatorship

46
Q

totalitarian dictatorship in which all power is vested in one ruler

A

fascism

47
Q

a totalitarian dictatorship by one or more persons that advocates the violent, revolutionary overthrow of the existing economic, political, and social order and sets up a tyrannical state that dominates the person, property, and thought of all citizens by means of physical and psychological force and terror

A

communism

48
Q

formed the basic ideas of communism

A

Karl Marx

49
Q

was the first to implement communism on a large scale

A

Vladimir Lenin

50
Q

the number of people who have been murdered in the Soviet Union and Red China by Marxism

A

140 million

51
Q

a system of government control over the economy of a nation

A

socialism

52
Q

the price of socialism

A

freedom

53
Q

the people rule directly by popular vote

A

direct democracy

54
Q

best example of direct democracy in America

A

New England town meetings

55
Q

the people rule indirectly through elected representatives

A

indirect democracy

56
Q

the American government system

A

democratic republic

57
Q

the people and their representatives are limited by a constitution

A

constitutional republic

58
Q

the idea that the church and the government are to remain institutionally separate

A

separation of church and state

59
Q

the cornerstone of American government

A

the character of the American people

60
Q

the greatest influence on the development of English law and government

A

the Bible

61
Q

a non-codified form of law based on long-accepted customs and traditions

A

common law

62
Q

prefaced his addition of the English law code with the ten commandments

A

Alfred the Great

63
Q

father of the common law

A

Henry de Bracton

64
Q

wrote “Institutes of the Common Law”

A

Sir Edward Coke

65
Q

wrote “Commentaries on the Laws of England”

A

Sir William Blackstone

66
Q

laid the foundation to the right to trial by jury

A

King Henry II

67
Q

Anglo-Saxon council of wise men who aided the king in making important decisions

A

Witan

68
Q

When Parliament was named

A

1265

69
Q

Ruled England during the first meeting of Parliament, beginning representative government in England

A

Simon de Montfort

70
Q

convened the Model Parliament

A

Edward I

71
Q

year of the first Model Parliament

A

1295

72
Q

upper house of parliament

A

house of Lords

73
Q

lower house of parliament

A

house of commons

74
Q

the first time in English history that the king was placed under the law of the land

A

signing of the Magna Carta, 1215

75
Q

signed the Magna Carta

A

King John

76
Q

year of the English Bill of Rights

A

1689

77
Q

a document issued by the crown which established the relationship between the king and his subjects

A

charter

78
Q

law above the law, universal principles of right and justice

A

higher law

79
Q

first representative assembly in the colonies

A

house of burgesses

80
Q

only colony with a unicameral legislature

A

Pennsylvania

81
Q

colonial house that “controlled the purse strings”

A

lower house

82
Q

main unit of government in colonial New England

A

town

83
Q

main unit of government in the colonial south

A

county

84
Q

the spiritual revival that swept the colonies between 1730 and 1760

A

Great Awakening

85
Q

two main evangelists during the Great Awakening

A

Jonathan Edwards and George Whitfield

86
Q

The first significant attempt at political unity among the colonies

A

New England Confederation

87
Q

called for an annual conference of delegates, one from each colony, to manage native affairs, pass laws, and levy taxes (was never adopted)

A

Albany Plan

88
Q

two British allies of George Washington, Benjamin Franklin, and John Adams

A

William Pitt and Edmund Burke

89
Q

colonists decided that they were only under the authority of the king, not Parliament, because they were not represented in Parliament

A

Stamp Act Congress

90
Q

protested the stamp tax and other British regulations with the colonists felt were illegal

A

Declaration of Rights and Grievances

91
Q

pledged the loyalty of the colonists to the Crown but protested Parliamentary interference with American rights

A

First Continental Congress

92
Q

Effectively America’s first central government

A

Second Continental Congress

93
Q

cut off all trade between the colonies and England and officially removed the colonies from the king’s protection

A

Prohibitory Act

94
Q

primarily responsible for the drafting of the Declaration of Independence

A

Thomas Jefferson

American Government (6 decks)

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