Chapters 1 & 2

Question 0

A psychiatrist tells you that she is interested in determining if the condition of individuals who are clinically depressed improves with either 20 or 40 mg of Prozac. She decides to administer 20 mg to a random half of her clients and 40 mg to the other half. She finds that after six months the clients who took 40 mg are significantly less depressed than those who took 20 mg. Which type of study is this?

Answer 0

Experimental research

Question 1

Variable X is correlated with variable Y. Which of the following could explain this correlation?
X causes Y
Y causes X
A third variable causes or influences both X and Y
All of these are possible explanations

Answer 1

All of these are possible explanations

Question 2

Your psychology professor tells you that she is collecting data on the amount that student study and their grades. Which type of research is this?

Answer 2

Correlational research

Question 3

The variable being measured in an experiment so called because it may depend on manipulations of another variable is called the_____ variable

Answer 3

Dependent

Question 4

The study of naturally occurring relationships among variables is referred to as

Answer 4

Correlational research

Question 5

After seeing a billboard for the lottery you imagine a life of the rich and famous for yourself. This future self schema you imagine is an example of

Answer 5

Possible self

Question 6

When asked who you think will win the next presidential election you reply that you do not know. However after the election results are reported you claim that it was obvious all along. This is an example of

Answer 6

Hindsight bias

Question 7

The enduring behaviors ideas attitudes and traditions shared by a large group of people and transmitted from one generation to the next is referred to as

Answer 7

Culture

Question 8

Social psychology is defined as the scientific study of how people

Answer 8

Think about influence and relate to one another

Question 9

Research indicates that survey results often depend on the

Answer 9

Wording and order of the questions

Question 10

The experimental factor that a researcher manipulates in a study is called the _____ variable

Answer 10

Independent

Question 11

The major purpose of random assignment in an experiment is to

Answer 11

Minimize the differences between groups

Question 12

You are participating in a psychology research experiment and the researcher invites you to return after the experiment to learn more about it and to explore your feelings about it. This is called

Answer 12

Debriefing

Question 13

People with high self-esteem and narcissism are

Answer 13

More aggressive

Question 14

An experimenter exposes participants to different room temperatures to determine their effects on aggression. Aggression was the

Answer 14

Dependent variable

Question 15

The planning fallacy is the tendency to

Answer 15

Underestimate how long a task will take

Question 16

A person’s answer to the question who am I comprises his or her

Answer 16

Self-concept

Question 17

When participating in a psychology research experiment you were told that the purpose of the study is to find out if tall people are more prejudiced in short people. Because you want to behave accordingly you agree with questions on the survey of prejudice more so than you would otherwise. Your behavior in the study is a result of

Answer 17

The demand characteristics of the experiment

Question 18

Your decision to call someone a terrorist rather than a freedom fighter depends on your view of the cause. This is an example of how values can influence not only social psychology but also

Answer 18

Everyday language

Question 19

______ Is an ethical principle requiring that research participants be told enough to enable them to choose whether they wish to participate

Answer 19

Informed consent

Question 20

You prefer the professors post exam scores by identification number rather than returning them individually. It makes you feel better to see how you did in comparison to other students. This is an example of what social psychology phenomenon

Answer 20

Social comparison

Question 21

What is not true about how values affect social psychology?
Values influence the topics that are researched.
Social psychologists are very interested in studying values.
Social psychology research shows us what to value.
The values that people hold influence those entering the field of study.

Answer 21

Social psychology research shows us what to value

Question 22

The best statement about object reality is?
That reality is filtered by our values and beliefs.
That it exists.
That it does not exist.
That we can all agree on an object reality.

Answer 22

That reality is filtered by our values and beliefs.

Question 23

Theories help social psychologists ____ their observations and ____ their hypotheses.

Answer 23

Organize; test

Question 24

The degree to which an experiment is superficially similar to everyday situations refers to

Answer 24

Mundane realism