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Physical Science > chapter27.3 > Flashcards

chapter27.3 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

infiltration

A

the process by which water enters Earth and becomes groundwater below the surface

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2
Q

water table

A

the upper boundary of the saturated zone

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3
Q

aquifer

A

a rock unit that can transfer water through its pore spaces

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4
Q

porosity

A

a material is the percentage of the material’s total volume that is pore space

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5
Q

What percentage of water on Earth is salt water?

A

97%

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6
Q

what percentage of water on Earth is fresh water?

A

3%

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7
Q

What is the majority of freshwater found?

A

in glaciers

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8
Q

Where is the smaller percentage of freshwater found?

A
  • lakes
  • rivers
  • groundwater
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9
Q

what is precipitation?

A
  • rain
  • snow
  • hail
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10
Q

what is runoff?

A

water running off the land surface

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11
Q

what is transpiration?

A

when plants release water vapor into the atmosphere through their leaves

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12
Q

what is evaporation?

A

when water enters the atmosphere as water vapor

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13
Q

what is condensation?

A

when water vapor collides with other water vapor molecules to form water droplets

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14
Q

what is the water cycle?

A

water on land the enters atmosphere and comes back to the land

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15
Q

what is an unsaturated zone for groundwater storage?

A

a porous area where water easily passes through

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16
Q

what is a saturated zone for ground water storage?

A

beneath the unsaturated zone, where water completely fills the pore spaces

17
Q

what is a water table?

A

the upper boundary of the saturated zone

18
Q

what does it mean if sediment is permeable?

A

the more permeable the material is the easier water can pass through the ground

19
Q

what is aquifer?

A

a rock unit that can transfer water through its pore space

20
Q

what is the name of the Great Plains Aquifer?

A

Ogallala Aquifer

21
Q

how many states does the Great Plains Aquifer run through?

A

8 states

22
Q

what are the names of the states that the Great Plains Aquifer runs through?

A
  • South Dakota
  • Wyoming
  • Nebraska
  • Colorado
  • Kansas
  • Oklahoma
  • New Mexico
  • Texas
23
Q

what is an aquitard?

A

keeps water confined

24
Q

how are water springs formed?

A

springs form where the water table naturally meets Earths surface

25
Q

what is an artesian well?

A

drilled into a pressurized aquifer

26
Q

what is a cone of depression?

A

the direction the water flows towards the well

Physical Science (16 decks)

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