Chapter2 Flashcards

1
Q

Basic principles psychoanalytic perspective

A
  1. unconsciousness
  2. awareness
  3. defenses
  4. ambivalence
  5. therapeutic relationship
  6. understanding
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2
Q

Basic concepts psychoanalytic therapy

A

Unconscious
Fantasy
Primary + secondary processes
Defenses
Transference
One-vs two-person psychologies

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3
Q

Examples of defenses

A
  • intellectualisation
  • projection
  • reaction formation
  • splitting
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4
Q

Defenses

A

Function to avoid emotional pain by pushing thoughts, wishes, feelings, fantasies out of awareness

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5
Q

Intellectualization

A

Talking about something threatening while keeping up an emotional distance to it

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6
Q

Projection

A

Attributing a threatening feeling or motive one is experiencing to another person

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7
Q

Reaction formation

A

Denying a threatening feeling + claiming to feel the opposite

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8
Q

Splitting

A

When one is unable to integrate ambivalent feelings about a person into one‘s view, 2 separate representations of the person form
-> can make stable relationships more difficult to maintain

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9
Q

Transference

A

Transferring template of significant figure from one‘s childhood onto another person

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10
Q

One-person psychology

A

Idea that it is possible to understand clients defense processes without consideration for therapist own ongoing contributions to the interaction

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11
Q

Two person psychology

A

Idea that assumes that both the therapist + client contribute to everything that takes place in a therapeutic relationship

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12
Q

Reasons for the declining influence of psychoanalysis

A
  1. increasing biologising of psychiatry
  2. rise of CBT + emphasis on evidence-based treatment
  3. arrogance of psychoanalysts being regarded negatively in the public
  4. psychoanalysts not being receptive to valid criticism
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13
Q

Object relations theory

A

Internal objects/representations shape how people choose relationships to create + how they shape them based on perceptions and actions of others

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14
Q

Attachment theory

A

Idea that all humans have innate tendency to develop strong affectional bonds and that threats to these bonds result in psychopathology

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15
Q

Internal working models

A

Process of developing internal representations of relationships with others that shape our ongoing experience + actions

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16
Q

Developmental arrest model

A

Models that theorise that psychological problems emerge as a result of the failure of caregivers to provide a sufficient or optimal environment

17
Q

Psychodynamic psychotherapy

A

Forms of treatment that are based on psychoanalytic theory but lack some of the defining characteristics of psychoanalysis

18
Q

False self

A

(Developmental arrest model)
If the mother is too unresponsive or her needs impinge too much on the infant‘s, then the infant will become overadapted to the needs of the other and develop a false self-> allows the infant to maintain relatedness with the other as well as protect self

19
Q

Optimal disillusionment

A

If process by which infant‘s sense of omnipotence is frustrated is sufficiently gradual, then the infant can come to accept the limitations of the other without being traumatised

20
Q

Psychoanalysis is characterised by specific therapeutic stance that involves

A
  1. emphasis on helping clients to become aware of their unconscious motivation
  2. refraining from giving client advice or being overly directive
  3. attempting to avoid influencing the client by introducing ones own belief and values
  4. maintaining certain degree of anonymity by reducing amount of info one provides about personal life/ feelings + reactions
  5. attempting to maintain stance of neutral + objective observer
  6. seating arrangement
21
Q

Intersubjectivity

A

Ability to hold onto one‘s own experience while at the same time beginning to experience the other as an independent center of subjectivity

22
Q

Enactment

A

An interaction between client + therapist shaped by both partner‘s unconscious contributions.
Exploring + working through enactments can be important mechanism of change

23
Q

Interpretation

A

Therapists attempt to help clients become aware of aspects of their intrapsychich experience + rationally patterns that are unconscious

24
Q

Containment

A

Process of attending to our own emotions when working with clients & tolerating + processing painful or disturbing feelings non-defensively

25
Q

Alliance rupture and repair

A

The change process of strain and repair of the therapeutic allianc