Chapter 6 Flashcards
Features that characterise behaviour therapy in all its form
- Behaviour therapy focuses on changing behaviour
- BT = rooted in empiricism
- Behaviours are assumed to have a function
- BT emphasises maintaining factors rather than factors that may have initially triggered the problem
- BT = supported by research
- BT is active
- BT is transparent
Symptom substitution
Underlying problem showing up in some other form when surface symptom is treated (talk of psychoanalysts)
-> no evidence for this
Systematic desensitization
Involves gradually confronting feared situation in imagination while simultaneously practicing progressive relaxation to relax the muscles of the body
Reciprocal Inhibition (BT)
Approach that involves the inhibition of one response by the occurrence of another response incompatible with the first
Five factor model
Model of personality, which describes five core domains of personality: openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, neuroticism (OCEAN)
Token Economy (BT)
Program that provides people with short-term reinforcement for specific behaviours by allotting tokens that are accumulated and later exchanged for privileges or desired objects
Common features BT
Changing behaviour
Empiricism
Behavioural functions
Maintaining factors
Directive
Transparant
Symptom substitution
Assumption of psychoanalysis
An underlying problem showing up in another form when a surface symptom is treated
Trait theories of personality
Assume that people show enduring patterns of behaviour observable in various situations -> these behaviours are specific personality characteristics: traits
Vicarious learning
Form of learning by watching the behaviour of others
Instructional learning
Behaviour that is learned through info that one hears or reads
Emotion processing theory
- Ideas that exposure changes the associations between stimulus, response, and meaning components of emotional memories
- fearful associations are stored in a fear network (stimulus-response-meaning)-> activation in any of these components through conditioning activated the others + they become associated
Predictor of worse outcomes after CBT in anxiety symptoms
-comorbid personality disorder, depression, more severe anxiety symptoms
- stressful life events
- poor insight into symptom severity
- poor motivation
- negative patterns of communication between family members
- poor compliance with treatment
Functions behavioural assessment
- identifying target behaviours
- determining the appropriate course of treatment
- assessing impact of therapy over time
- assessing final outcome of treatment
Behavioural deficits
Behaviours that occur less often than desired
Behavioural excesses
Behaviours that occur more often than desired
Components/techniques of behaviour assessment
Functional analysis
Behavioural interviews
Behavioural observations
Monitoring form & diaries
Self-report scales
Psychophysiological assessment
Functional analysis
Identifying variables that are responsible for maintaining target behaviours, ideally by manipulating variables + seeing their impact on target behaviours but often through interviews etc
Types of exposure
In vivo
Interoceptive exposure
Imaginal exposure
VR exposure
Exposure hierarchy
List of feared situations in order of difficulty -> typically used to gradually expose patients to fear-provoking stimuli
Guidelines for effective exposure
- exposure should be predictable
- exposure should be controllable (client determines what happens)
- should be frequently practice
- modeling through therapist may help
Response prevention
Inhibiting an unwanted behaviour to break the association between stimulus and response
Reinforcement based stratgies
-differential reinforcement
- token economy
- contingency management
Differential reinforcement
Reinforcing absence of unwanted + presence of wanted behaviours
