Chapter19 Flashcards
What is evolution?
Descent with modification. Genetic change over time.
Why do dolphins and whales have blowholes and not gills?
Because they are mammals, not fish, and they need lungs to breathe.
Organisms adapt to changes in their environment. T or F?
True.
How does evolution occur?
Genetic/Heritable Variation, Competition between individuals, and Reproduction.
What is genetic variation?
Individuals in a species differ in traits that are passed down to their children. Without it, there would be no changes.
Individuals evolve, not populations. T or F?
False.
For Lamarck’s alternative Evolutionary theory, what two mechanisms are required for evolutionary change to occur?
- An inner force that caused the organism to become more complex. 2. An inheritance of acquired traits. An example of this theory: 2 body builders will have a muscular child. We know this to be false.
In the case of giraffes necks, how is Lamarck different from Darwin?
Lamarck believed acquired variation is passed on(the giraffe lengthened its neck by will then passed on the trait). Darwin believed that genetic variation led to natural selection shaping where the variation goes.
In the cartoon, 5 problems that exist are:
The willingness implied, there is no variation, there is no genetic component involved, no competition, and no reproduction.
Diversity =
Variety
A theory has been _______, Is _________, and _______ something.
Tested, Supported, Explains.
An hypothesis is an ________ guess and is ________.
Educated, Testable.
What are some pieces of evidence that evolution has changed?
Species have changed. There are DNA similarities and differences. Embryonic development. Bone structure has changed. Fossils have been found that show how changes have occured.
Artificial selection is the act of choosing individuals based on a particular ________.
Trait. This occurs in the breeding of animals.
Natural selection and evolution are editing processes not creative ones. T or F?
True.
