chapter12-14 Flashcards
A propagated change in the transmembrane potential of excitable cells, initiated by a change in the membrane permeability to sodium ions
action potential
A chemical neurotransmitter in the brain& peripheral nervous system
Acetylcholine
nuclei of the cerebrum that are important to the subconscious control of skeletal muscle activity
basal nuclei
The isolation of the central nervous system and the general circulation
blood brain barrier and
A pair of expanded portions of the cerebrum covered a neural cortex
cerebral hemisphere
fluid bathing the internal and extra services of the central nervous system
cerebrospinal fluid
in the nervous system, innervation of a single neuron by axons from several neurons
convergence
The bundle of axons that link centers in the left and right cerebral hemisphere
corpus callosum
A change in the transmembrane potential from the negative Adam
depolarization
and neural tissue, the spread of information from one neuron to many neurons
divergence
Neuromodulators, produced in the central nervous system, that inhibits activity along pathways
endorphins
an enlogated groove or opening
fissure
areas in the central nervous system that are dominated by neuron cell bodies, neuroglia, and unmyelinated axons
Gray matter
The group of nuclei and centers in the cerebrum in diencephalon that are involved with emotional states memories and behavioral drives
limbic system
an action potential in a neuron cell membrane
nerve impulse
an area of gray matter of the surface of the central nervous system
neural cortex
cells of the central nervous system and peripheral nervous system that support and protect neurons
neuroglia
A cell in neural tissue that is specialized for intra-cellular communication through (1) changes in membrane potential and and (2) synaptic connections
neuron
A chemical compound released by one neuron to affect the transmembrane potential of another
neurotransmitter
neural tissue in the posterior portions of the roof of the diencephalon
pineal gland
and endocrine organ that is situated in the Stella Tucica of the sphenoid and is connected to the hypothalamus by infundibulum
pituitary gland
The anterior portion of each cerebral hemisphere
prefrontal cortex
The receptor, sensory neuron, motor neuron, and effector involved in a particular reflex
reflex arc
The movement of the transmembrane potential away from a positive value in towards the resting potential
Repolarization
The transmembrane potential at which an action potential begins
threshold
neuroglia responsible for the neurolemma that surrounds axons and the peripheral nervous system
schwann cells
regions in the central nervous system and are dominated by myelinated axon
White matter
