Chapter 12-14 BIG TEST Flashcards
PNS ( Peripheral Nervous System )
nerves
CNS (Central Nervous System)
Brain & Spinal cord
Nerve Structure
Axons - send informations
Dendrites - receive information
Neuroglia Cells
functions like connective tissue in addition to providing certain physiological needs of the neurons
4 Structural Classifications of Neurons
Anaxonic, Bipolar, Unipolar & Multipolar
Anaxonic
Found in brain & sense organs
Bipolar Neurons
Found in special sensory organs
Unipolar
found in sensory neurons of PNS
Mulipolar
Common in CNS
Includes all skeletal muscle motor neurons
sensory neurons
Carry nerve impulses from peripheral body parts into the brain or spinal cord
interneurons
transmit impulses from one part of the brain or spinal cord to another
Motor neurons
Carry impulses out of the brain or spinal cord to muscles or glands
synapse
Area where a neuron communicates with another cell
Meninges
membrane is coverings of the brain and spinal cord
spinal cord
a nerve column that extends from the brain. It is composed of three segments. It provides the communication system between the brain and other body parts
The Cerebrum
5 lobes: Frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital, insula
2 layer: outer - gray matter
inner - white matter
functions of the cerebrum
interpret sensory impulses, initiates involuntary muscular movements, stores information, determines intelligence and personality
Ventricles
- Interconnected cavities filled w/ cerebrospinal fluid
LOCATED: 1st & 2nd extend into the cerebral hemisphere & occupy portions pf the frontal temporal & occipital lobes. 3rd is at the midline of the brain. 4th is at the brainstem
Brainstem
- Connects the cerebrum to the spinal cord
- It contains the diencephalon, midbrain, pons & medilla oblongata
Pons
located on the underside of the brainstem, it transmits impulses between cerebrum and other nervous system
mid brain
located between the diencephalon and the pons
-reflex centers associated w eye & head movement
cerebellum
mass under our submittal lobes, coordination a skeletle muscle movements
diencephalon
2 parts:
1: Thalamus - base of the cerebrum / is the central relay station
2: hypothalamus: connected to the cerebral cortex and thalamus. Maintains homeostasis
reticular formation
extends the spinal cord to the diencephalon
filters incoming sensory impulses and arouses wakefulness
Medela oblongata
continuation of the spinal cord from the ponds
