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American History > Chapter Twenty-Two & Twenty-Three: The Great Depression > Flashcards

Chapter Twenty-Two & Twenty-Three: The Great Depression Flashcards

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1
Q

causes of the Depression

A
  1. stock market crash
  2. buying on credit
  3. slowdown in industry and business cycle
  4. high unemployment
  5. bank failures
  6. drought
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2
Q

List and Explain the 3 R’s of the New Deal

A
  1. Relief- measures for emergency assistance
  2. Recovery- measures or acts to bring about the end to Depression
  3. Reform- measures and acts passed to save the problems that caused the Depression
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3
Q

Objectives of the New Deal

A
  1. provide programs of public works & gov’t building projects to create industry & jobs
  2. direct relief payments for Americans w/o jobs
  3. lower tariffs
  4. create higher prices for agriculture
  5. old age pensions
  6. regulate banks & stock market
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4
Q

Goals of Second New Deal

A
  1. make better housing available
  2. more help for unemployed
  3. protection for elderly & disabled
  4. labor regulations
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5
Q

Legacy of the New Deal

A
  1. created a bureaucracy & safety net
  2. created long lasting & some permanent programs
  3. many conservation projects
  4. helped minorities
  5. strengthened government authority
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6
Q

Hoover’s idea that employed people should give an unemployed persona day’s work

A

Give-A-Job

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7
Q

created a pool of money to enable troubled bank’s to continue lending money

A

National Credit Corporation

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8
Q

NY bankers lent money and couldn’t meet the nation’s needs

A

National Credit Corporation

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9
Q

set up by Congress to make loans to banks, railroads, & agricultural institutions

A

Reconstruction Finance Corporation

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10
Q

didn’t work because it was very cautious

A

Reconstruction Finance Corportation

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11
Q

Hoover was opposed but sign it any way

A

Emergency Relief & Construction Act

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12
Q

gave $1.5 billion for public works

A

Emergency Relief & Construction Act

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13
Q

gave $300 million in loans to states for relief

A

Emergency Relief & Construction Act

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14
Q

created a Federal Farm Board to buy up surplus wheat, corn, cotton

A

Agricultural Marketing Act

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15
Q

wasn’t successful because farmer’s didn’t limit production

A

Agricultural Marketing Act

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16
Q

authorize the federal examiners to survey all banks and then issue a license to those banks that were financially sound

A

Emergency Banking Act

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17
Q

required companies that sold stock and bonds to provide complete and truthful information

A

Securities Act

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18
Q

formed Securities and Exchange Commission

A

Securities Act

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19
Q

separated commercial & investment banking

A

Glass-Steagull Act

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20
Q

created Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation

A

Glass-Steagull Act

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21
Q

created Agricultural Adjustment Administration

A

AAA #1

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22
Q

basic ideas was to pay farmers to not to raise certain crops or livestock

A

AAA #1

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23
Q

not all farmers benefited

A

AAA #1

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24
Q

did accomplish farmers income increase and surplus disappear

A

AAA #1

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25
Q

declared unconstitutional

A

AAA #1

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26
Q

created to stimulate business & industry & reduce unemployment

A

NIRA

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27
Q

created NRA

A

NIRA

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28
Q

created codes of fair competition

A

NIRA

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29
Q

guaranteed workers right to form unions

A

NIRA

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30
Q

declared unconstitutional

A

NIRA

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31
Q

bought mortgages of homeowners who were behind on payments, but could still foreclose on them if they didn’t make payments

A

Home Owner’s Loan Corportation

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32
Q

helped farmers refinance farm mortgages

A

Farm Credit Administration

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33
Q

helped push interest rates lower

A

Farm Credit Administration

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34
Q

CCC, PWA, TVA, FERA, WPA, NYA

A

Work Relief Programs

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35
Q

offered unemployed men 18-25 the opportunity to work under national forestry service

A

Civilian Conservation Corps

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36
Q

lived in camps and earned $1 a day

A

Civilian Conservation Corps

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37
Q

lasted until 1942

A

Civilian Conservation Corps

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38
Q

headed by Harry Hopkins

A

Federal Emergency Relief Administration, Civil Works Administration, Works Progress Administration

39
Q

gave $500 million to provide state and local agencies money to give out

A

Federal Emergency Relief Administration

40
Q

gave out $5 million in first 2 hrs of opening

A

Federal Emergency Relief Administration

41
Q

part of the NIRA

A

Public Works Administration

42
Q

work relief construction job

A

Public Works Administration

43
Q

hired construction companies but they needed to meet certain requirements

A

Public Works Administration

44
Q

hired workers directly and put them on government payroll

A

Civil Works Administration

45
Q

agency created by Congress to develop the Tennessee River

A

Tennessee Valley Authority

46
Q

main critic was that gov’t was in direct competition with private industry

A

Tennessee Valley Authority

47
Q

affected seven states

A

Tennessee Valley Authority

48
Q

used eminent domain

A

Tennessee Valley Authority

49
Q

built highways, bridges, airports

A

Works Progress Administration

50
Q

had division for women

A

Works Progress Administration

51
Q

Federal Number One

A

Works Progress Administration

52
Q

“junior WPA”

A

National Youth Administration

53
Q

four young people 16-25

A

National Youth Administration

54
Q

provided part time jobs

A

National Youth Administration

55
Q

set up National Labor Relations Board

A

National Labor Relations Act

56
Q

guaranteed workers right to form unions

A

National Labor Relations Act

57
Q

used binding arbitration

A

National Labor Relations Act

58
Q

major goal was to provide security for the elderly & unemployed

A

Social Security Act

59
Q

three main goals 1. monthly retirement benefits 2. unemployment insurance 3. aid to dependents

A

Social Security Act

60
Q

still in effect today

A

Social Security Act

61
Q

established the US Housing Authority which gave money to subsidize loans for builders willing to buy a block of slums & build low cost housing

A

National Housing Act

62
Q

provided housing for the poor

A

National Housing Act

63
Q

created to give loans to tenant farmers so they could purchase farms

A

Farm Security Administration

64
Q

Dept. of Agriculture would limit the amount of crops brought to market

A

AAA #2

65
Q

provided parity payments and commodity loans

A

AAA #2

66
Q

provided for more protection of workers

A

Fair Labor and Standards Act

67
Q

abolished child labor

A

Fair Labor and Standards Act

68
Q

established 40-hour work week

A

Fair Labor and Standards Act

69
Q

created to bring electricity to rural areas

A

REA

70
Q

political reform

A

Hatch Act

71
Q

made it illegal to pressure anyone on relief roles for voting purposes

A

Hatch Act

72
Q

head of the CWA

A

Harry Hopkins

73
Q

painter of American Gothic

A

Grant Wood

74
Q

FDR’s closest adviser

A

Elanor Roosevelt

75
Q

FDR’s sec of state

A

Cordell Hull

76
Q

ran against FDR in election of 1936

A

Alfred Landon

77
Q

head of NRA

A

Hugh Johnson

78
Q

ordered to deal with the Bonus Army

A

Gen. MacArthur

79
Q

first woman to hold a cabinet position

A

Francis Perkins

80
Q

president at the beginning of the Depression

A

Herbert Hoover

81
Q

author of the New Deal

A

FDR

82
Q

head of FERA

A

Harry Hopkins

83
Q

head of the CIO

A

John L. Lewis

84
Q

FDR’s sec of agriculture

A

Henry Wallace

85
Q

FDR’s sec of labor

A

Francis Perkins

86
Q

FDR’s sec of interior

A

Harold Ickes

87
Q

made the first animated films

A

Walt Disney

88
Q

“Share the Wealth” idea

A

Huey Long

89
Q

“Grapes of Wrath”

A

John Steinback

90
Q

governor of Louisiana who was critic of the New Deal

A

Huey Long

91
Q

“Radio Priest”

A

Father Caughlin

92
Q

president during most of the Depression

A

FDR

93
Q

Democratic candidate in the election of 1932

A

FDR

American History (11 decks)

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