chapter topic 12.4 enlightenment Flashcards
1
Q
what had spawned the enlightenment?
A
the scientific revolution
2
Q
what are natural laws?
A
laws or principles that were designed through human reasoning; laws that govern human nature
3
Q
Thomas Hobbes
A
- believed all humans were cruel
- believed successful society led to powerful government
- looks at human nature
4
Q
John Locke
A
- people can overthrow the govt (radicals)
- optimistic views on human nature
- absolute monarchy
- rights to life, liberty, and property
5
Q
Montesquieu
A
- separation of powers ( 3 branches of govt)
- did not like absolute monarchy
- created idea of checks and balances
- beliefs influenced framers of the US constitution
6
Q
Voltaire
A
- believed in using your wits (thoughts/opinions) to attack corrupt officials
- believed in freedom of speech, religious freedom
- against religious practice, slave trade
7
Q
Rousseau
A
- people in natural state are good (natural innocence)
- believed in corrupted evils by society (land unequal distribution/ the social contract)
8
Q
Adam Smith
A
- supply and demand should control business, “wealth of nations”
liked free enterprise system, economic vs. business (no govt interference) - supported laissez fair economics
