chapter three

Question 1

individual differences

Answer 1

are the many attributes such as traits and behaviors that describe each of us as a person

Question 2

relatively fixed

Answer 2

stable over time and across situations and are difficult to change; intelligence and personality

Question 3

relatively flexible

Answer 3

emotions and attidudes

Question 4

intelligence

Answer 4

represents an individual’s capacity for constructive thinking, reasoning and problem solving

Question 5

linguistic intelligence

Answer 5

potential to learn and use spoken and written langauges

Question 6

logical mathematical intelligence

Answer 6

potential for deductive reasoning, problem analysis and mathematical calculation

Question 7

musical intelligence

Answer 7

potential to appreciate compose and perform music

Question 8

bodily-kinesthetic intelligence

Answer 8

potential to use mind and body to coordinate physical movement

Question 9

spatial intelligence

Answer 9

potential to recognize and use patterns

Question 10

interpersonal intelligence

Answer 10

potential to understand connect with and effectively work with others

Question 11

intrapersonal intelligence

Answer 11

potential to understand regulate yourself

Question 12

naturalist intelligence

Answer 12

potential to love in harmony with your environment

Question 13

Gardner’s Eight intelligences

Answer 13

linguistic, logical-mathematical, musical, bodily-kinesthetic, spatial, interpersonal, intrapersonal, naturalizt

Question 14

practical intelligence

Answer 14

is the ability to solve everyday problems by utilizing knowledge gained from experience in order to purposefully adapt to, shape and select environment…everyday problem solving

Question 15

Thurstone’s right primary mental abilities

Answer 15

• verbal
• number
• perceptual speed
• rote memory
• inductive reasoning
• deductive reasoning
• word fluency
• space or visualization

Question 16

lumpers

Answer 16

believe that underlying intelligence lies a general reasoning ability =g

Question 17

splitters

Answer 17

believe that specific abilities like for example mathematical,verbal and spatial underlie performance

Question 18

what was the father of the lumpers?

Answer 18

Speaman, he argured that “g” was mental energy

Question 19

two factor theory

Answer 19

-“g” and test specific factors “s”

Question 20

evidence for g

Answer 20

• different mental tests tend to rank order individuals in the same way
• people who do well on one test tend to do well on others
• the overlap suggests that all such tests measure some global element of intellectual ability

Question 21

Father of Splitters

Answer 21

Thurstone, he that Spearman was wrong

Question 22

What is one of the best predictors of job performance?

Answer 22

General Mental ability (GMA)

Question 23

quantity and quality(types of data)

Answer 23

affected by extraneous factors,

can distort direction of effort

Question 24

personnel data

Answer 24

attendance, career progression and accidents

Question 25

ratings

Answer 25

biased

Question 26

personality

Answer 26

the combination of stable physical, behavioral, and mental characteristic that give individuals their unique identities

Question 27

five dimensions of personality

Answer 27

ocean

Question 28

o

Answer 28

openness to experience

Question 29

c

Answer 29

conscientiousness

Question 30

e

Answer 30

emotional stability

Question 31

a

Answer 31

agreeableness

Question 32

n

Answer 32

neuroticism

Question 33

proactive personality

Answer 33

is an attribute of someone “relatively unconstrained by situational forces and who effects environmental change. They show initiative and take on opportunities

Question 34

what has the strongest effect on job performance?

Answer 34

conscientiousness

Question 35

what has a smaller positive effect on job performance?

Answer 35

extroversion

Question 36

A broad personality trait comprised of four narrow and positive individual traits

Answer 36

• Generalized self-efficacy
• self esteem
• locus of control
• emotional stability

Question 37

self-efficacy

Answer 37

is a belief about your chances of successfully accomplishing a specific

Question 38

self-esteem

Answer 38

is a general belief about your self-worth

-it is relatively stable across your lifetime but it can be improved

Question 39

locus of control

Answer 39

describes how much personal responsibility someone takes for their behavior and its consequences

Question 40

External Locus of Control

Answer 40

Things happen to me.
I blame others for failures.
I can’t control the future

Question 41

Internal Locus of Control

Answer 41

I make things happen.
I can determine my future.
I accept personal responsibility for failures.

Question 42

emotional stability

Answer 42

is associated with a greater focus on and practice of workplace safety.

Question 43

`emotional inelligence

Answer 43

the ability to monitor one’s own emotions and those of others, to discriminate among them and use this information guide one’s thinking and action

Question 44

key components of emotional intelligence

Answer 44

personal competence and social competence

Question 45

emotions

Answer 45

complex, relatively brief response aimed at a particular person, information, experience or event

Question 46

what is a “backward-looking” or retrospective emotion?

Answer 46

anger

Question 47

what is a “forward-looking” or prospective emotion?

Answer 47

fear

Question 48

display norms

Answer 48

rules that dictate which types of emotions are expected and appropriate for their members to show.