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modern britain > chapter three > Flashcards

chapter three Flashcards

1
Q

baby boom

A

following world war two there was a rise in the number of babys born, increase in younger generation/young people

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2
Q

what influenced increased societal change

A

world war two and new emerging technology; changed the world in a way that couldnt be undone

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3
Q

causes of growing social tension

A

increased immigration and violence, and changes in attitude to class

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4
Q

infrastructure definition and examples

A

physical environment of a modern developed society (e.g. network of communications (roads, railways, airports) and telecommunication, the industrial base, the public buildings, the schools + housing stock)

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5
Q

general ratio of council house owners to private house owners in the 50s

A

council > private

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6
Q

hire purchase

A

essentially credit (pay a deposit then monthly payments until cost is covered with interest; once the contracted monthly payments are over customer can either pay full balance and buy the product or return it- ‘hire purchase’)
not available for women

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7
Q

products that surged in ownership due to consumerist boom

A

televisions, washing machines, refrigerators, new furniture

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8
Q

what stimulated consumerism

A

hire purchase

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9
Q

rise of tv ownership 1957-59

A

32%

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10
Q

estimation of % of population watching the tv every night in the 50s

A

50%

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11
Q

car ownership increase between 1957 to 1959

A

25%

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12
Q

when was the m1 built

A

1957-1963

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13
Q

impact of more cars and roads

A

people could travel further, cheaper and easier; de-isolated cities and rural areas and further growth of towns (esp emerging towns designed by labour in the 1940s like stevenage)

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14
Q

impact of class on 1951 election

A

class loyalties were strong; 65% of working class voted labour; 80% of middle class voted conservative

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15
Q

causes of loss of deference

A

suez crisis; eden (epitome of eton) lying
rise of cnd support; challenging authority
press coverage of profumo affair
satire boom by the 1960s

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16
Q

cnd

A

campaign for nuclear disarment

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17
Q

the establishment

A

term for the informal networks that connected social and political elites; the most influential people of britain was uninpenetratable

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18
Q

old boys network

A

lots of establishments went to same schools, and would therefore all have connections (e.g eton or harrow)

19
Q

examples of satire boom

A

by 1960; beyond the fringe tv show
from 1961; the private eye magazine
in 1962; that was the week that was tv show

20
Q

conservative reputation in regards to deference

A

seen to be run by the establishment; who were becoming increasingly hated

21
Q

angry young men

A

group of writers who rebelled against the establishment and plays that reflected contemporary society as they viewed it; (mundane, bleak, bitter and intense)

22
Q

example of a play written by an angry young man

A

look back in anger; 1956; by john osborne

23
Q

average age of marriage for women in the 50s

A

by 21 75% were married

24
Q

ratio of women working in 1951

A

1 in 5 women worked

25
Q

causes for women not working

A

societal expectations
family allowance
not supported by trade unions
no hire-purchase to afford a vehicle for work
lack of access to childcare

26
Q

equal pay acts for professions in the 60s

A

teachers; 1952
civil servants; 1954

27
Q

when was elizabeths coronation

A

1953

28
Q

new commonwealth

A

countries that had recently gained independance

29
Q

new commonwealth examples

A

pakistan; india; some caribbean countries (not white)

30
Q

old commonwealth examples

A

australia; new zealand; canada; south africa (white)

31
Q

what event is associated with the beginning of immigration from the 40s

A

windrush; 1948

32
Q

how many commonwealth immigrants were in britain by 1958

A

210,000

33
Q

ratio of people immigrating vs emigrating throughout the 1950s

A

676,000 immigrating; 1,320,000 emigrating

34
Q

when were the notting hill riots

A

august 1958

35
Q

notting hill riots summary

A

violent outbreaks in notting hill which had a large divide between african-carribean population and the working class white population; large mobs of white youth attacked the carribeans; with some fighting back; police response reflected wider racial discrimination; furthered bad relationship between black people and the police in the uk

36
Q

why did the notting hill riots start

A

half of notting hill was largely african-carribean and the other half were white working class people; both exploited by landlords but the white people blamed immigration for bad living conditions; despite the immigrants luving in worse conditions; caused massive racial tension between notting hill; this tension worsened by fascists like oswald mosely to trigger the riots

37
Q

oswald mosely

A

infamous leader of union of facists from 1948; friend of hitler and musilini; started as communist but turned facist due to discontent with the labour party and immigration; leader of the ‘black shirts’

38
Q

impact of notting hill riots

A

worsened relations between black people and the police; heavily publicised

39
Q

legal impact of notting hill riots

A

the commonwealth immigration act passed; 1962

40
Q

conscription in the 50s

A

national service for 2 years for young men required from 1947 to 1960

41
Q

teddy boys

A

took influence of edwardian fashion trends and were linked with delinquency and rising crime rates

42
Q

3 main subcultures of the 1950s

A

teddy boys; early fifties
rockers and mods; late fifties

43
Q

height of mods vs. rockers

A

may 1964; large mobs on either side fought for two days in brighton; but violence was mostly exaggerated and was largely a moral panic

44
Q

reaction to the slow evolution to permissive society

A

the new culture was not universally popular and there was a lot of backlash towards the immorality; overall the majority opinion in britain remained conservative

modern britain (8 decks)

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