Chapter's 5 and 6 Flashcards
What is consciousness?
awareness of external and internal stimuli
What does ‘stream of consciousness’ mean?
a shifting from the inside and outside world
What are the three levels of consciousness?
- unconscious; freud introduced this idea of inaccessible to awareness
- preconscious; able to pull into consciousness
- conscious; includes a range of states
When using a controlled process you need_________.
whole consciousness/ full awareness
When using an automatic process it requires __________.
little awareness/happens without thinking
What is another name for biological rhythms?
circadian rhythms
What are circadian rhythms?
biological rhythms that change with time and follow a 24hr cycle
example: the sleep wake cycle
What does BRAC stand for?
Basic
Rest
Activity
Cycle
What happens when there are no cues to circadian rhythms?
You still see a cycle however it goes a little longer
Internal clock keeps rhythm independantly it just ___________.
runs a little slow
What part of the body keeps track of time?
Suprachiasmatic Nucleus (SCN) found in the hypothalamus (example of function, signals the pineal gland to release melatonin to regulate sleep)
What are some side effects of disruption in circadian rhythms?
- disparity btw external clock and internal cues
- leads to sleep, physical, mood, personal problems
What are some common causes of disruptions in circadian rhythms?
jet leg or shift work
What treatment can you use to help with disruption in circadian rhythms?
- Exposure to bright light
- You can reset the internal clock
- Affects melatonin levels
- Treatment for SAD(seasonal affective disorder) is bright light
What are the 5 stages of sleep?
Stage 1 (light sleep)
Stage 2 (sound asleep but if woken don’t realize that they were asleep)
Stage 3&4 (data activity; slow waves;deep sleep)
Stage 5 REM Sleep aka paradoxical sleep
(rapid eye movement
What occurs during stage 1 of the sleep cycle?
- theta waves
- light sleep
- breathing and heart rate slow as muscle tension and body temperature declines
What occurs in stage 2 of the sleep cycle?
- periodically see sleep spindles (higher brain activity)
- breathing and heart rate slow as muscle tension and body temperature continues to decline
In what stage to hypnic jerks occur?
stage 1
What occurs during stages 3 and 4?
- slow wave sleep which has high amplitude and low frequency DELTA waves
What is another name for REM sleep
stage 5 or paradoxical sleep
What are the differences between NREM and REM?
REM -There is rapid eye movement - vivid dreaming - alternates between REM and NREM NREM - dreams may occur but aren't vivid - no rapid eye movement
Why do we sleep?
They think
- restorative function during sleep
- brain activity
- learning and memory
What are some sleep disorders?
- insomnia
- narcolepsy
- REM sleep behaviour disorders
What are some REM sleep disorders?
- act out dreams
- no loss of muscle tone
In what stage of sleep does sleep walking occur?
Stage 4
NOT acting out dreams
Does everyone dream?
yes