Chapter Rewiew 10.1 Flashcards
Who devel- oped a classification system for all types of organisms known at the time?
Carolus limnaeus
is the process of biological change by which descendants come to differ from their ancestors.
Evolution
is a group of organisms so similar to one another that they can repro- duce and have fertile offspring.
Species
Who was a French naturalist of the 1700s, challenged many of the accepted ideas of the day. Based on evidence of past life on Earth, he proposed that species shared ancestors instead of arising separately.
Georges Louis Leclerc de Buffon
Who Bornin1731,CharlesDarwin’sgrandfatherwasarespected English doctor and a poet?
ErasmusDarwin
In 1809, the year of Darwin’s birth, a French naturalist named Lamarck proposed that all organisms evolved toward perfection and complexity.
Jean-Baptiste Lamarck
Who proposed a new system of organization for plants, animals, and minerals, based upon their similarities.
Carolus Linnaeus
Who discussed important ideas about relation- ships among organisms, sources of biological variation, and the possibility of evolution.
Georges Buffon
Who considered how organisms could evolve through mechanisms such as competition.
Erasmus Darwin
Who pre- sented evolution as occurring due to environmental change over long periods of time.
Jean-Baptiste Lamarck
are traces of organisms that existed in the past.
Fossils
states that natural disasters such as floods and volcanic eruptions have happened often during Earth’s long history.
catastrophism
And example of catastrophism
Volcanoes, floods, and earthquakes
James Hutton proposed that the changes he observed in landforms resulted from slow changes over a long period of time, a principle that became known as
Gradualism
An example of gradualism
Canyons carved by rivers show gradual change.
