Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Psych101: 6-Sensation and Perception > Chapter Review > Flashcards

Chapter Review Flashcards

1
Q

Function: sense receptors

A

-convert energy from stimulus into electrical impulses that travel along nerves to the brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What types of codes account for separate sensations?

A
  • anatomical codes

- functional codes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Psychophysics studies…

A
  • sensory sensitivity by measuring…
  • absolute thresholds
  • difference thresholds
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Signal-detection theory states…

A
  • responses in a detection task consist of both:
  • sensory process
  • decision process
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Sensory adaptation occurs…

A

-when sensation is unchanging

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Sensory deprivation occurs…

A

-with too little stimulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

We use selective attention to…

A

-avoid sensory overload

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Inattentional blindness is…

A

-failure to consciously perceive something you are looking at because you are not attending to it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

The stimulus for vision is…

A

-light

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How does light travel?

A

-in waves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What produces experiences of hue?

A

-wavelength of light

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What produces experience of brightness?

A

-intensity of light

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What produces experience of saturation?

A

-complexity of light

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Where are visual receptors located?

A

-retina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Where do signals from the visual receptors go?

A

-to ganglion cells, whose axons are connected to the optic nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is responsible for vision in dim light?

A

-rods

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is responsible for color vision?

A

-cones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the process of dark adaptation?

A

-rods and cones take time to adjust to dim illuminations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Feature-detector cells…

A

-in the visual areas of the brain detect specific aspects of the environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Some researchers believe we have certain brain cells that make up a…

A

-face module

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Trichromatic theory…

A
  • accounts for 1st level of color processing in the retina

- 3 types of cones respond to different wavelengths of light

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Opponent-process thoery,

A
  • 2nd level of color processing in cells in retina and thalamus
  • respond in opposite fashion to short and long wavelengths of light
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Gestalt principles, which describe visual strategies include…

A
  • figure and ground
  • proximity
  • closure
  • similarity
  • continuity
24
Q

Binocular cues of depth and distance perception include…

A
  • convergence

- retinal disparity

25
Q

Monocular cues of depth and distance include…

A
  • interposition
  • light and shadow
  • motion parallax
  • relative size
  • texture gradients
  • relative clarity
  • linear perspective
26
Q

Perceptual constancy is…

A
  • accurate perception of objects as stable despite changes in…
  • size
  • shape
  • location
  • brightness
  • color
27
Q

Perceptual illusions occur…

A

-when sensory information is misleading or misinterpreted

28
Q

The stimulus for hearing (audition) is…

A

-pressure wave or release of compressed ari

29
Q

Loudness corresponds to…

A

-intensity

30
Q

Pitch corresponds to…

A

-frequency

31
Q

Timbre corresponds to…

A

-complexity

32
Q

Receptors for hearing are ____ and are located…

A
  • hair cells (clia)

- embedded in the basilar membrane of the organ of Corti in the interior of the cochlea

33
Q

Taste (_____), is a chemical sense

A

-gustation

34
Q

Papillae on the tongue contain…

A

-taste buds

35
Q

Where are taste receptors located?

A

-inside taste buds

36
Q

The basic tastes are…

A
  • sweet
  • sour
  • salty
  • sweet
  • 5th is umami (not hardwired, is a conditioned preference that occurs in the gut)
37
Q

What can influence responds to a particular taste?

A
  • genetic

- cultural differences

38
Q

Smell (_______), is a chemical sense

A

-olfaction

39
Q

What is responsible for smell variance?

A

-different odors activate unique combinations of receptors

40
Q

What affects people’s response to odor?

A

-cultural and individual differences

41
Q

Senses of the skin include…

A
  • touch
  • warmth
  • cold
  • pain
42
Q

Pain would be considered a ______ sense and an ________ sense

A
  • skin sense

- internal sense

43
Q

The gate-control theory of pain holds…

A

-experience of pain depends on whether neural impulses get past a “gate” in the spinal cord and reach the brain

44
Q

What can close the spinal “gate”?

A

-impulses from large fibers, or the brain

45
Q

What can open the spinal “gate”?

A

-impulses from smaller fibers

46
Q

How can the brain generate pain in the absence of signals from sensory neurons?

A

-a matrix of neurons in the brain gives us a sense of our own bodies. Abnormal activity in the pain matrix results in pain

47
Q

What is the leading explanation of phantom pain?

A
  • the brain has reorganized itself

- by incorrectly interpreting messages from neurons as coming from a non-existent body part

48
Q

Kinesthesis tells us…

A

-where our body parts are located

49
Q

Equilibrium tells us…

A
  • orientation of the body

- it relies on 3 semicircular canals in the inner ear

50
Q

What do “visual cliff” experiments show?

A

-that even at 6months, babies have depth perception

51
Q

Perception can become impaired if what certain experiences are missed?

A

-critical periods

52
Q

Psychological influences on perception include…

A
  • emotions
  • expectations
  • beliefs
53
Q

Psychological influences on perception produce…

A

-perceptual sets, which are also influenced by culture

54
Q

In priming…

A
  • a person is exposed to subliminal information and is later tested to see whether the information affects performance on another task
  • method is used to measure unconscious cognitive processes
55
Q

Has evidence of subliminal persuasion been found in commercially marketed ads and tapes?

A

-no

Psych101: 6-Sensation and Perception (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions