Chapter One Test Flashcards
When collecting data and doing experiments, what system of measurement do most scientists use?
Most scientists use the metric system.
What is the metric system?
The metric system is a decimal system of measurement based on multiples of ten.
1000 m = ____ km
1000 m = 1 km
1 L = ____ mL
1 L = 1000 mL
1 g = ____ mg
1 g = 1000 mg
1000 kg = ____ T
1000 kg = 1 T
When scientists collect data, what are they often trying to find out?
They are trying to find out if certain factors changed or stayed the same.
What does a graph of data make easier to recognise and understand than a table of data?
A graph can make a pattern easier to recognise and understand.
What are microscopes?
Devices that make magnified images of things that are too small to see.
What do compound light microscopes do?
They allow light to pass through the specimen and use two lenses to form an image.
What are the two main types of electron microscopes?
Transmission Electron Microscopes and Scanning Electron Microscopes.
Which techniques do scientists use to study cells?
Cell culture and cell fractionation.
What is one characteristic of living things?
Answer may be: Living things... Are made up of cells. Reproduce. Are based on a universal genetic code. Grow and develop. Obtain and use materials and energy. Respond to their environment. Maintain a stable internal environment. Change over time.
What is the study of living things?
Biology.
What are the smallest units of an organism that are considered alive?
Cells.
What are two types of asexual reproduction?
A cell breaks in half and makes two new organisms, or a portion of an organism comes off and forms a new organism.
What is the combination of reactions through which an organism builds up or breaks down materials?
Metabolism.
What does science study?
The natural world.
What is quantitative data?
Numbers or quantities
What is qualitative data?
Qualities, anything you can observe.
What is data?
Information gathered from observation.
What is a controlled variable?
A variable in an experiment that does not change.
When a hypothesis becomes well-supported, what does it turn into?
A theory
What is spontaneous generation?
The idea that life can arise from nonliving matter.
Who tested spontaneous generation?
Redi
What was the manipulated variable in Redi’s experiment?
The gauze spread over the jars.
What is an organised way of using evidence to learn about the natural world?
Science.
What is the process of gathering about events of processes in a careful, orderly way?
Observation.
What is the information gathered from observation?
Data.
What is a logical interpretation based on prior knowledge?
An inference.
What is a proposed scientific explanation for a set of observations?
A hypothesis.
What is the difference between a hypothesis and an inference?
A hypothesis is something that needs to be tested, while an inference is an interpretation based on prior knowledge.
Why do scientists need a common system of measurement?
They need to replicate each other’s experiments.
