Chapter One Flashcards
Here we go, bois
What is the definition of “discourse” as described by Foucault (1972)?
Discourses are systems of thought, often represented in language, composed of ideas, attitudes, courses of action, beliefs, and practices that systematically construct the subjects and objects which they speak
Convergence
The deployment of policies with similar underlying principles and similar operational methods in different national settings.
Uneven, contingent, and variegated
What is the Knowledge Economy and where did the idea originate
The idea that knowledge and education can be commodified, and that education and innovative intellectual products and services can be exported for high value return
Origin: Drucker ‘The Effective Executive (1966)’ described the difference between manual worker and knowledge worker
What is a NIS and what is its function in the Knowledge Economy
National Innovation System
A well articulated network of think tanks, research centers, firms, and universities.
Provides a nation with comparative advantage due to excellence in continued innovation
What are the three criticisms of the Knowledge Economy ?
- That it commodifies knowledge, therefore fetishizing it and removing the social aspect of education in the name of value
- Empirical evidence to support the existence of the KE is weak at best (research suggests that impact of global. on british job market is overemphasized and oversimplified)
- Devs in relation to KE exacerbate systematic social inequalities and eco-social polarization
What are the two reasons why Globalization is key?
- It articulates problems
- It provides a spatial frame where policy discourses and formulation are set
What is the “one world thesis”?
The idea that the nation-state is losing (Keynesian Capacity)power to MNCs
What is glocalization as defined as Maroy, Pons, and Dupuy (2017)?
There is no single globalizations, but rather multiple globalizations of each system taken in its individual context
What are the major impacts/policies of the WB regarding education?
1.SAPs and Loan conditionalities (requiring borrowing countries to adopt policy in order to receive funding)
2. Emphasizes the need for competition between schools and the need for individual famillies to invest directly in education
3.An emphasis on ECD
What is the OECD stance on education/policies and some of their works
The OECD is an advisory agency to its 36 member states. It offers research and policy advice based on “what has worked”. It propagates market based solutions and tends to have a neo-liberal outlook.
PISA (Leads to looking East)
Need for competitive threat
WTO
GATS (opening up national service markets such as education to foreign corps)
Privatization of policy
EU
Harmonization
Europeanization of Ed (lifelong learning and IT Central EU2000)
Open method of coordination (soft law mechanic) which works based on naming and shaming/peer pressure
What is GERM as described by Salhberg
A generic set of policy technologies that have been developed and disseminated as an orthodoxy of edu reform since the 1980s
