Chapter III Flashcards
A wide reaching change in the way something works, organized or change in people’s idea about it.
Revolution
process that results in the adaptation of an organism to its environment by means of SELECTIVELY REPRODUCING changes in genetic constitution.
Natural Selection
Combination of CHARACTERISTICS or QUALITIES that form an individul’s distinctive character.
Personality
Range of actions and mannerisms made by individuals
Behavior
INTELLIGENT BEHAVIORS BY MACHINES rather than natural intelligence of humans and other animals
Artificial Intelligence
complex human society in which people live in groups of settled dwellings
Civilization
is the term used to Greek speculation about “nature” in the period before Socrates -600-400 BCE
*Also known as the “Pre-Socratic” or “Non-Theological” or “First Theory”
Intellectual Revolution
was a mathematician and an astromer who propsed that the sun was stationary in thr center of the universe and the earth revolved around it.
Nicholas Copernicus (1473-1543)
He believed that the earth is the center of all orbs carrying the heavenly bodies around it and all motions are “uniform” and unchanging.
Aristotle
Between 1508-1514 Nicholas Copernicus adopted the ________________ model where the sun is the center of the solar system.
Heliocentric Model
Is thw widely help notion that all living organism came from a common ancestor.
Darwin’s theory of evolution
Is the father of psychoanalysis and one of the 20th century’s most influential thinkers.
*He believed that when people explain their behaviour to themselves or others, they rarely give a true account of their motivation, not because they are deliberately lying, but because they are more adept as self-deception.
Sigmund Freud
Is made up of unconscious psychic energy that works to satisfy basic urges, needs, and desires.
*It is the only part of the personality that is present at birth and that is this primitive component of personality existed wholly within unconscious.
Id
is composed of people’s internalized ideals acquired from parents and society.
*It supresses Id and tries to make the ego behave morally, rather than realistically.
Superego
Mediates the demands of the Id, the superego and the reality. It prevents people from acting on their basic urges created by the Id, and works to achieve a balance with their moral idealistic standards created by the Id, and works to achieve a balance with moral and idealistic standards created by superego.
Ego
