Chapter I Flashcards
Is a profession aimed at helping the population achieve better health thru their own hands
Nursing
Is a shared reality
Health
Health according to WHO (1958)
“A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity”
“Of or relating to living together in organized groups or similar close aggregates”
Meaning of social
Refers to units of people in communities who interact with one another.
Social
Connotes community vitality and is a result of positive interaction among groups within the community, with an emphasis on health promotion and illness prevention.
Social Health
Saylor pointed out that the WHO definition considers several dimensions of health.
*physical (structure/function)
*social
*role
*mental (emotional and intellectual)
*general perceptions of health
“A state of well-being in which the person is able to use purposeful, adaptive responses and process physically, mentally, emotionally, spiritually, and socially”
(Murray, Zentner, & Yakimo, 2009)
“The individual’s total well-being. The regular patterns of people and their environments that result in maintaing wholeness and human integrity”
(Roy, 2009)
“Realization of human potential through goal-directed behavior, competent self-care, and satisfying relationships with others”
(Pender, Murdaugh, & Parsons, 2011)
“State of physical, mental, spiritual and social functioning that realizes a person’s potential and is experienced within a developmental context”
(Greiner, 2014)
From his viewpoint, illness, health, and peak wellness are on a continuum; health is fluid and changing.
Dunn (1961)
“The enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of health is one of the fundamental rights of every human being without distinction of race, religion, political belief, economic or social condition.”
As stated by Dr. Ghebreyesus, WHO Director-General in 2017
As one of the primary rights of an individual is well known and accepted
Health
Health as a human right is grounded in the
Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR)
UDHR was proclaimed by
United Nations General Assembly in Paris on December 10 1948
“Everyone has the right to a standard of living adequate for the health and well-being of himself”
UDHR Article 25.1
According to United Nations, CESCR, 2000, the right to health consists of interconnected and indispensible components:
- Availability
- Accessibility
- Acceptability
- Quality
Requires that operational public health and channels of service delivery, products and services as well as programs be adequate for all
Availability
Entails that health facilities, services, and goods must be made possible and obtainable to everyone
Accessibility
Corresponds to respect for the medical ethics, being culturally appropriate and gender sensitive
Acceptability
Implies that the health facilities, commodities and services must be in accordance with scientific and medical standards
Quality
Four interesting features of accessibility:
*non-discriminatory
*physically accessible
*economically accessible (affordable)
*information accessible
Affirms health as a fundamental human right and recognizes the obligation of the state to protect and promote the right to health of all Filipinos
Article II Section II and 15 of the 1987 Philippine Constitution
“Filipinos are among the healthies people in Southeast Asia by 2022, and in Asia by 2040”
DOH vision
Models of Health
- Clinical Model
- Role Performance Model
- Adaptive model
- Eudaimonistic model
Health is the absence of signs and symptoms of disease and illness refers to its presence.
Clinical model
This model is the tradtional lens of how medical science deals with patients
Clinical Model
Rhe individuals’ ability to perform societal roles defines health is in this model.
Role performance model
In role performance model, an employee who reported for work, even if he/she is febrile is still considered
Healthy
In this model, health is considered as a dynamic state
Adaptive model
Illness exists when
Person failed to cope or becomes maladaptive to health changes.
An elevated level of wellness suggests optimal health and illnes if reflected by a lack of vitality
Eudaimonistic Model
Is an individual’s genetic makeup, family history and any physical and mental health problems developed in the course of life.
Biology
Plays a part in determining lifespan, state of wellness, and the likelihood of developing illness.
Heredity
Are the individual’s responses to internal stimuli and external conditions
Behaviors
Is what is experienced by the senses
Physical Environment
Includes interactions and relationships with family, friends, coworkers, and others in the community
Social Environment
“Are conditions in which people are born, grow, live, work, and age”
Social Determinants of Health (SDH)
