Chapter Four Muscular System Test Review

Question 1

3 types of tissue

Answer 1

Skeletal smooth and myocardial

Question 2

Is the skeletal tissue striated

Answer 2

Yes

Question 3

Is the smooth tissue striated

Answer 3

No

Question 4

Is the myocardial tissue striated

Answer 4

No

Question 5

Which tissues are voluntary or involuntary

Answer 5

Skeletal- voluntary

Smooth and myocardial- involuntary

Question 6

Define muscle fibers

Answer 6

Long slender cells that make up muscles

Question 7

Define fascia

Answer 7

Sheet of fibrous connective tissue that covers, supports and separates muscles or a group of muscles

Question 8

Define tendons

Answer 8

Narrow band of nonelastic dense fibrous connective tissue that attaches muscle to bone

Question 9

Define the aponeurosis

Answer 9

A sheetlike fibrous connective tissue that resembles a flattened tendon that serves as fascia to bind muscles together or as a means of connecting muscle to bone

Question 10

Term for study of muscular activity with resulting bodyparts movement

Answer 10

Kinesiology

Question 11

How do antagonistic muscle pairs work

Answer 11

They work in opposition

Question 12

How do muscles relax and contract. Describe length and shape of the muscle

Answer 12

As muscle contract they become shorter causing the belly(center) of the muscle to enlarge
As muscles relax they return to original state of being longer, thinner, and belly is no longer enlarged

Question 13

Define muscle tone/tonus

Answer 13

State of balanced muscle tension that makes normal posture, coordination, and movement possible

Question 14

Whats muscle innervation

Answer 14

The simulation of a muscle by a nerve

Question 15

What happens when innervation stops

Answer 15

The muscle relaxes

Question 16

What happens if the nerve impulse is interrupted due to injery or pathology of the nervous system

Answer 16

The muscle is unable to function correctly and can be paralized and unable to contract

Question 17

ROM

Answer 17

Range of motion

Question 18

Name some health care workers who may perform ROM

Answer 18

Exercise physiologist and sports medicine physician

Question 19

Flexion

Answer 19

Decreasing angle between two bones by bending a limb at a joint

Question 20

Extension

Answer 20

Increasing the angle between two bones by bending a limb at a joint

Question 21

Supination

Answer 21

Rotating the arm or leg so that the palm of hand or sole of foot is pointing upward or turned forwrd

Question 22

Pronation

Answer 22

Rotating the arm or leg so that the palm of hand or sole of foot is turned downward or backward

Question 23

Elevation

Answer 23

Raising or lifting a body part

Question 24

Dorsiflexion

Answer 24

Bends foot upward or towards the ankle

Question 25

Plantar flexion

Answer 25

Bends the foot downward at the ankle

Question 26

Rotation

Answer 26

Circular movement around an axis such as the shoulder joint

Question 27

Circumduction

Answer 27

Circular movement of limb at far end

Question 28

Which muscle raises the corner of mouth

Answer 28

Levator anguli oris

Question 29

Which muscle lowers corner of mouth

Answer 29

Depressor anguli oris

Question 30

Where is the rotator cuff

Answer 30

Shoulder

Question 31

What does the rotator cuff do

Answer 31

Hold head of humerus in place securely as it rotates

Question 32

Dorsiflexion of the foot

Answer 32

Bends foot upward at ankle

Question 33

Plantar flexion of the foot

Answer 33

Bends foot downward at the ankle

Question 34

Differentiate muscle origin and insertion

Answer 34

Muscle origin is the less moveable attachment and is where the muscle begins

Muscle insertion is the moveable attachment and where the muscle ends by attaching to a bone or tendon

Question 35

Example of circumduction

Answer 35

Rotator muscle

Question 36

Muscles named for action

Answer 36

Flexor carpi muscles and extensor carpi muscles

Question 37

5 functions of the muscular system

Answer 37

>movement and hold body erect
>digestion
>generates heat
>aids blood flow
>moves fluid through ducts and tubes for other body systems