chapter eight: choosing where to live

Question 1

organisms have a ____ where they survive best

Answer 1

preferred habitat

Question 2

hedgerow birds will move to ____ areas when available

Answer 2

woodland

Question 3

a habitat in which the population is growing

Answer 3

source habitat

Question 4

a habitat in which the population is shrinking

Answer 4

sink habitat

Question 5

better competitors get the ___ habitats

Answer 5

source

Question 6

how does game theory apply to source and sink habitats

Answer 6

if the source habitat is full, it may be beneficial for an individual to live in the sink habitat instead

Question 7

any area the animal might inhabit during the year

Answer 7

home range

Question 8

where the animal spends most of its time

Answer 8

core area

Question 9

an are actively defended by an animal

Answer 9

territory

Question 10

four important factors when looking for a habitat

Answer 10

1. food
2. predators
3. mating
4. proximity to relatives

Question 11

a territory that is just defended for mating purposes

Answer 11

lek

Question 12

territory is defended for ____ to the resources in that area

Answer 12

exclusive access

Question 13

territory is defended against ____

Answer 13

conspecifics

Question 14

when does territoriality pay off?

Answer 14

when benefit outweighs cost

Question 15

benefits of territoriality

Answer 15

exclusive control of resources
mate attraction
can actually decrease fighting

Question 16

costs of territoriality

Answer 16

energy
lower immunity from high testosterone
increased vulnerability to predators

Question 17

the ____ may chase off a rival every minute

Answer 17

surgeonfish

Question 18

three reasons that resident of the territory almost always wins challenges

Answer 18

1. resident is the more fit individual
2. payoff asymmetry
3. dear enemy hypothesis

Question 19

damsel fly residents typically have a ___ fat content than competitors

Answer 19

higher

Question 20

payoff asymmetry states that

Answer 20

the benefit of owning a territory changes over time

Question 21

when resident butterfly is young, fights are ___; when he is older, fights are ___. why?

Answer 21

short
longer and harder
he has more to lose as he ages

Question 22

the dear enemy hypothesis states that

Answer 22

a stronger defense response to territorial intrusions occur against strangers rather than against neighbors

Question 23

Bradley’s flat lizards have ___ with neighbors

Answer 23

truces

Question 24

fiddler crabs have ____ with neigbors

Answer 24

mutual defense

Question 25

non-territorial individuals that live on the fringes

Answer 25

floaters

Question 26

the floater behavior may be ___ or ___

Answer 26

conditional or hereditary

Question 27

a floater that will take a territory when one comes available

Answer 27

conditional

Question 28

a floater that will always be a floater even if a territory becomes available

Answer 28

hereditary

Question 29

what is an honest signal is red-shouldered widow birds

Answer 29

how red their shoulders are

Question 30

the reproductive success for hereditary floaters compared to residents is ___

Answer 30

the same

Question 31

the reproductive success for conditional floaters is ___ than residents

Answer 31

lower